Flashcards: Ch9 - Endocrine System
About these flashcards
Created by:
mr_nguyen on March 17, 2009
Subjects:
Description:
organs, hormones, function
Groups:
Everest College - Massage Therapy Class of 2012, anatomy, dkq, Valley A and P, MSHS ANATOMY
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 hormones of anterior pituitary | GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, gonadotropic, FSH, LH, ICSH |
| growth hormone (GH) | stimulates growth in skeletal muscle and bones; maintains blood sugar balance |
| prolactin (PRL) | stimulate and maintains milk production after childbirth |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | regulates activity of adrenal cortex |
| thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) | influences growth and activity of thyroid gland |
| gonadotropic hormone | regulates hormonal activity of gonads |
| follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in females | stimulated development of follicles in ovaries; mature follicles produce estrogen |
| follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in males | stimulates sperm development |
| lutenizing hormone (LH) | triggers ovulation; causes ruptured follicle to produce progesterone and estrogen |
| interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) | stimulates testosterone production |
| hormones of posterior pituitary | oxytocin, ADH |
| oxytocin | stimulates contractions of uterus, milk ejections, labor; stops postpartum bleeding |
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | inhibits urine production; causes kidneys to reabsorb water; increases blood pressure |
| thyroid gland location | in throat below Adam's apple |
| thyroid hormone | controls rate glucose is burned; converts to body heat and chem energy; impt for growth and dev of reproductive and NS |
| calcitonin | decreases blood calcium levels |
| hormones of thyroid gland | thyroid hormone, calcitonin |
| parathyroid gland location | on thyroid gland |
| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | increases blood calcium levels; stimulates kidneys & intestines to absorb more calcium; breaks down bones |
| Adrenal Gland location | on top of kidneys |
| hormones of adrenal cortex | mineralcorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex hormones |
| mineralcorticoids | regulates mineral levels in blood; kidney is target organ; stimulated by humoral factors |
| atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) | prevents aldosterone release |
| glucocorticoids | helps body resist long-term stressors; increases blood glucose levels; controls effects of inflammation from edema |
| sex hormones | produced in small amounts; males=androgens; females=estrogen |
| hormones of adrenal medulla | catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) |
| catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) | stimulates by sympathetic NS; increases heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose levels and dilates lung passageways |
| pancreatic islets location | pancreas |
| hormones of pancreatic islets | insulin, glucagon |
| insulin | released by beta cells when hi levels of blood glucose; takes glucose out of blood to be used by cells |
| glucagon | released by alpha cells when low levels of blood glucose; stimulates break down of glyogen to glucose to be released in blood |
| hormones of pineal gland | melatonin |
| melatonin | "sleep trigger"; established day-night cycle; regulates mating in animals; coordinates hormone fertility in humans; prevents maturing of reprod. sys. before adult body size |
| thymus gland location | upper thorax posterior to sternum |
| hormones of thymus gland | thymosin |
| thymosin | programs T-lymphocytes (in immune system) |
| ovaries location | female pelvis |
| hormones of ovaries | estrogen, progesterone |
| estrogen | stimulates development of secondary characteristics in females; prepares uterus for fertilization; menstrual cycle; maintains pregnancy and milk production |
| progesterone | menstrual cycle; quiets uterus muscles during pregnancy; prepares for lactation |
| corpus luteum | produces and secretes mainly progesterone (and some estrogen) |
| testes location | in the scrotum |
| hormones of the testes | androgens (i.e. testosterone) |
| testosterone | stimulated by LH; causes development of male sex characteristics; stimulates male sex drive |
| effects of hyposecretion of testosterone | sterility in males |
