Science Test 11/22
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53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging in order of? | Increasing atomic mass. |
| How did chemists change Mendeleev's periodic table in the early 1900s? | They use atomic number instead of atomic mass to organize the elements. |
| From an elements location in the periodic table, you can predict | Its properties. |
| Which of these statements about a column of the periodic table is true? | The elements have similar properties. |
| The factor that determines how an atom interacts with other atoms is its | Number of valence electrons. |
| Which of the following have the same number and arrangement of valence electrons? | The elements in a group. |
| Which of the following is NOT a physical property of most metals? | Being a liquid at room temperature. |
| Which of the following statements about metals if true? | Metals show a wide range of chemical properties. |
| In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found | In Group 1, the first column on the left. |
| Which group of elements have two valence electrons in their atoms? | Alkaline earth metals. |
| Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table? | To the right of the zigzag line. |
| Which group contains the most elements? | Metals. |
| At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetal elements are | Gases. |
| Which member of the carbon family is a nonmetal? | Carbon. |
| How does nuclear fusion create new elements inside stars? | Small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei. |
| The sun is made mostly of | Hydrogen. |
| Where are the metals located in the periodic table? | To the left of the zigzag line. |
| In which part of an atom are the valence electrons located? | Farthest from the nucleus. |
| The elements in a row of the periodic table | Are in the same period. |
| The elements in a column of the periodic table | Are in the same family. |
| What information in the periodic table indicates the number of protons in an atom? | The element's atomic number. |
| Which part of the atom move around the nucleus? | Electrons. |
| The atomic number of an element if based on the | Number of protons in its nucleus.. |
| What prediction did Mendeleev make that cam true less than 20 years later? | He said that three new elements would be discovered, and he described their properties. |
| The two most common alkaline earth metals are | Calcium and Magnesium. |
| Which of the following statements about transition metals is true? | They are so similar that it's often difficult to find differences between them. |
| Which group of elements share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals? | Metalloids. |
| The elements that do not ordinarily form compounds are | Noble Gases. |
| Which member of the carbon family is a nonmetal? | Carbon. |
| Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine are part of a group called | Halogens. |
| Mendeleev discovered that periodic patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing | atomic mass |
| The property of an element that indicates the number of protons in its atoms is the | atomic number |
| A column of elements in the periodic table is called a group, or | family |
| The electrons in an atom that are involved in forming chemical bonds are called | valence electrons |
| Elements that transmit electricity and heat easily are called good | conductors |
| The chemical reactivity of metals tends to ________________ from left to right across the periodic table. | decrease |
| Some elements on the right side of the periodic table form molecules of two atoms each, which are called | diatomic molecules |
| Nonmetals are ______ conductors of heat and electricity. | poor |
| Astronomers generally agree that the matter in the sun and its planets cam from a ___________, and explosion that broke apart a massive star billions of years ago. | supernova |
| In the 1800s, Dmitri Mendeleev organized the first truly useful | periodic table |
| An element's ___________ can be predicted from its location in the periodic table. | properties |
| Each chemical element is given a specific __________ that usually consists of one or two letters. | symbol |
| Elements in Group 1 have _ valence electrons. | 1 |
| Most metals are in the ________ state at room temperature. | solid |
| Brass in an __________ formed by mixing copper and zinc. | alloy |
| Elements known as __________ are located to the right of the metalloids on the periodic table. | nonmetals |
| At room temperature, all the metalloids are solids, while most nonmetals are | gas |
| A substance that will conduct electricity only under certain conditions is called a | semiconductor |
| In stars, matter exists in the _______ state in which electrons have been stripped away from the nuclei of atoms. | plasma |
| When two nuclei combine in a __________ ____________ reaction, a huge amount of energy is released. | nuclear fusion |
| Explain why the atomic mass of an element is usually not given as a whole number even though each individual atom of an element has a whole number of protons and neutrons. | The atomic mass is not given as a whole number because the number of protons and neutrons varies between each atom. It does not vary much because that would cause it to become another element, but one carbon element might have one more proton than another carbon element. Scientists decided that instead of putting that the number varies, that they would put an average. |
| Compare the properties of metals and nonmetals. | Metals are the largest group of elements on the periodic table. Most metals are good conductors and are solids at room temperature.They are usually ductile and malleable. Some metals are magnetic. Metals show a large range of chemical properties. Metals in a group or family have similar properties which change gradually as you move across the table. Nonmetals are elements that lack most of the properties of metals. Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature and most solid nonmetals are brittle. Most nonmetals readily form compounds. |
| How does finding elements in the stars help strengthen our faith that God is the creator of the universe? | It is amazing that elements from outer space exist here on earth. That kind of thing doesn't just happen. God must have done that. The elements that form outer space don't just randomly happen to make up earth. That has to be planned out and thought out by someone super powerful like God. |
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