B4 GA pkt 3 (pt 2): Stomach, Liver, Bile Ducts, Spleen, and Celiac Trunk
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ashleighwhitehead on November 20, 2011
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 structure located in upper part of abdominal cavity, just beneath diaphragmin the Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, and Left Hypochondriac regions | liver |
| 2 surfaces of the liver | diaphragmatic surface (convex, smooth; related to diaphragm) visceral surface (faces inferiorly, posteriorly, and to the left; related to abdominal organs) |
| diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces of the liver are separated anteriorly by | the inferior border of the liver (posteriorly, there is not such a well marked border as in the front) |
| the visceral surface of the liver has what structures/features | cross bar of H right limb of H left limb of H |
| structures found in the "crossbar of H" (on the visceral surface of the liver) | (crossbar ="Porta Hepatis" or hilum of liver) contains: -R & L Hepatic Ducts -branches of proper hepatic a. and portal v. -autonomic nn. -hepatic lymph nodes and vessels |
| the right limb of H (right sagittal fissure) of the liver is formed by | anteriorly by the fossa for the gallbladder posteriorly, it is formed by the groove for IVC *IVC is found (posteriorly) here in the groove for the IVC |
| left limb of H (left sagittal fissure) is formed by | anteriorly by the fissure for the round ligament of the liver (Ligamentum Teres Hepatis) & posteriorly by fissure for Ligamentum Venosum |
| during intrauterine life, what structure carries oxygenated bood from the placenta | umbilical v. (which joins portal v.) |
| in intrauterine life, a large part of the blood coming from the placenta (that travels in the umbilical v.) bypasses the liver to go directly into | IVC via the ductus venosus |
| at birth, the umbilical v. becomes | round ligament of the liver |
| at birth, the ductus venosus becomes | ligamentum venosum |
| ductus venosum | is a shunt (in intrauterine life). Function is to shunt blood so that blood from the umbilical v. can bypass liver and go straight to the IVC |
| quadrate lobe | part of liver located anterior to Porta Hepatis (hilum), between fossa for gallbladder (right) and fissure for round ligament (left) |
| caudate lobe | part of liver located posterior to porta hepatis, between groove for IVC (right) and fissure for ligamentum venosum (left) |
| caudate process | ridge of liver substance that connects caudate lobe w/ right lobe located between porta hepatis and groove for IVC |
| right and left LOBES of the liver are separated by the | falciform ligament (and are not equal in size) |
| right and left FUNCTIONAL PARTS of the liver are separated by | Cantlie's line (and are roughly equal in size) |
| right (functional) PART of liver is supplied by | R hepatic a. R branch of Portal v. |
| bile from right PART of liver is collected by | right hepatic duct |
| left PART of liver is supplied by? bile is collected by? | blood supply: left hepatic a. left br. of portal v. bile collected by: left hepatic duct |
| boundary between R and L FUNCTIONAL PARTS of the liver is indicated by | Cantlie's line |
| Cantlie's line runs from (on the liver) | IVC to gallbladder **corresponds w/ area of MIDDLE HEPATIC V. |
| parts of the liver are further subdivided into | segments (I-VIII) |
| left part of liver contains segments | I-IV |
| right pt of liver contains segments | V-VIII |
| R, L, and middle hepatic vv. carry blood to | IVC |
| Peritoneal ligaments of the liver | falciform ligament coronary ligament R & L triangular ligaments lesser omentum |
| falciform ligament (of liver) | 2 layered-peritoneal fold (the 2 layers touch) that connects diaphragmatic surface of liver to anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm its liver attachment forms the boundary between the R and L ANATOMICAL lobes |
| the inferior free margin of the falciform ligament contains | round ligament of the liver |
| posteriorly, the 2 layers of the falciform ligament separate and become | superior layer of the coronary ligament |
| coronary ligament | consists of superior and inferior layers that lie are separated between the 2 layers, there is an area of liver that is DEVOID of peritoneum--BARE AREA OF LIVER |
| right and left triangular ligaments | right and left ends of coronary ligament (where its superior and inferior layers join each other) |
| lesser omentum | 2 layered peritoneal fold that connects the visceral surface of the liver to the lesser curv. of the stomach and 1st pt of the duodenum 2 pts: hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments |
| what is the space between the 2 layers of coronary ligament called | bare area of liver *it is the only pt of liver with NO peritoneal covering |
| liver receives blood from 2 sources | proper hepatic a. portal v. |
| the proper hepatic a. and portal v. divide into progressively smaller brs. and eventually | the arterial and venous blood MIX in liver capillaries |
| blood is collected by | hepatic vv. |
| hepatic vv. join to form | larger vv.--> eventually 3 large hepatic vv. are formed: right, intermediate/middle, left) |
| R, intermediate, and left hepatic vv. drain into | IVC |
| bile produced by hepatocytes is collected by | small bile ducts within liver --> these ducts join and form progressively larger ducts --> eventually 2 large ducts are formed: R and L Hepatic Ducts |
| R and L Hepatic Ducts exit the liver via | porta hepatis |
| R and L hepatic ducts the join to form | common hepatic duct |
| common hepatic duct descends within free margin of lesser omentum (hepatoduodenal lig) and is joined by | cystic duct (from gallbladder) |
| cystic duct + common hepatic duct = | common bile duct (bile duct) |
| common bile duct lies first within | free margin of lesser omentum (hepatoduodenal ligament) |
| then the common bile duct passes posterior to the | first pt of duodenum, and more inferiorly it lies posterior to the head of the pancreas (or embedded in it) |
| the common bile duct is usually joined by | main pancreatic duct |
| common bile duct + main pancreatic duct = | short dilated chamber embedded in duodenal wall (hepatopancreatic ampulla/ampulla of Vater) |
| ampulla of Vater opens into | 2nd pt of duodenum via major duodenal papilla (small orifice on tip of mucosal elevation) |
| hepatopancreatic ampulla is surrounded by | sphincter of Oddi |
| parts of the gallbladder | fundus body neck |
| fundus of the gallbladder | anterior rounded end that projects below the inferior border of the liver |
| the fundus of the gallbladder is in contact w/ the anterior abdominal wall @ the level of | the tip of the right 9th costal cartilage |
| the body of the gallbladder contacts _____ superiorly and ______ inferiorly | contacts visceral surface of liver superiorly and transverse colon & duodenum inferiorly |
| the neck of the gallbladder becomes continuous w/ | cystic duct |
| cystohepatic triangle of Calot is the area where _____ is found | cystic a. |
| the cystohepatic triangle of Calot is limited by | cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and inferior surface of liver |
| largest lymphoid organ of body | spleen |
| spleen is located | left hypochondriac region between stomach and diaphragm |
| the spleen is entirely covered by what ribs? | 9-11 |
| fns of spleen | eliminates old and/or damaged blood cells filters antigens from blood contributes to immune response against antigens |
| the removal of the spleen | does NOT seriously impair immune response |
| surfaces of the spleen | diaphragmatic (smooth and convex, faces posterolaterally, related to diaphragm) visceral (irregular and concave, faces anteromedially, related to stomach, left kidney, left colic flexure, and tail of pancreas) --also contains hilum of spleen |
| borders of the spleen | superior (usually notched) inferior |
| poles of spleen | ant post |
| long axis of spleen lies along | 10th rib |
| normal spleen cannot be palpated. the anterior pole normally reaches as far forward as | midaxillary line |
| spleen | intraperitoneal |
| hilum of spleen is connected to the stomach and left kidney by | gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments, respectively |
| splenorenal ligament contains | splenic a & v tail of pancreas |
| gastrosplenic ligament contains | short gastric aa. and vv. left gastroepiploid a. and v. |
| blood supply to spleen | splenic a. (from celiac trunk) |
| venous drainage of spleen | splenic v. |
| splenic v. | begins @ hilum of spleen-->runs to the right, inferior to splenic a. and posterior to pancreas |
| splenic v. drains into | portal v. |
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