Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Order by
20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 metastasis | spread of cancer cells beyond their original site in the body |
| heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring. |
| variation | any difference between individuals of the same species |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| sexual reproduction | process in which genetic material from two parents combines and produces offspring that differ genetically from either parent |
| karyotype | A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape. |
| homologous chromosomes | Chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father, the other from the mother. |
| autosomes | chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual |
| diploid cells | A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent. |
| haploid cell | A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n). |
| fertilization | The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote. |
| zygote | The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes in conception; a fertilized egg. |
| alternation of generations | A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; characteristic of plants. |
| sporophyte | The multicellular diploid form in organisms undergoing alternation of generations that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation. |
| spore | haploid cell produced in sporophyte in meiosis; can divide by mitosis to form multicellular haploid individual (gameophyte) w/o cell fusion |
| gameophyte | multicellular haploid stage (n); produces gametes by mitosis |
| stages in meiosis | Meiosis 1: Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Meiosis 2: Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, Telophase 2 |
| recombinant chromosomes | A chromosome created when crossing over combines the DNA from two parents into a single chromosome. |
| crossing over | The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis. |
| chiasma | The X-shaped, microscopically visible region representing homologous chromatids that have exchanged genetic material through crossing over during meiosis. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.