| Term | Definition |
| soil | the loose material in which plants can grow in the upper layer of Earth |
| humus | the part of the soil made up of decayed parts of once living things |
| topsoil | the top layer of soil made up of the smallest grains, and the richest layer of soil |
| clay | a kind of soil made up of very small grains |
| loam | a type of topsoil that is rich with humus and has a lot of water and air for plants |
| resource | a material found in nature that living things use |
| conservation | saving resources by using them carefully |
| strip cropping | planting strips of thick grass or clover between strips of crops |
| contour plowing | planting rows of crops around the sides of hills instead of up and down |