Ch. 14 DNA and Gene: Synthesis and Repair
Order by
16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 double helix | double stranded molecule |
| complementary base pairing | A&T, C&G |
| genome | entire complement of DNA |
| DNA Polymerase | polymerizes deoxyribionucleotides to DNA |
| origin of replication | the replication bubble forms at a specific sequence of bases |
| replication fork | y-shaped region where the parent-DNA double helix is split into two single strands |
| leading strand, or continuous strand | leads into the replication fork and is synthesized continuously |
| lagging strand, or discontinuous strand | lags behind the synthesis occurring in the fork |
| Okazaki fragments | short sections about 1000 base pairs long |
| DNA ligase | formation of a phosphodiester bond between fragments |
| replisome | all the enzymes required for DNA synthesis organized into a machine |
| telomere | the region at the end of a chromosome |
| telomerase | catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. Acts as a built in template allowing telomerase to add DNA onto the end of a chromosomes and prevent it from getting shorter |
| proofread | DNA polymerase- if the wrong base is added during DNA synthesis, the enzyme pauses, removes the mismatched base that was just added, and then proceeds with synthesis |
| mismatch repair | occurs when mismatched bases are corrected after the DNA synthesis is complete |
| necleotide extension repair | process of removing a damaged region in in one strand of DNA and correctly replacing it using the undamaged strand as a template |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.