1.
"acin/mican/mycin": Aminoglycosides: protein synthesis inhibitor class
2.
"Grey Baby Syndrome" casued by AE of which drug?: -Chloramphenicol (protein syn inhibitor)
3.
30S Protein synthesis inhibitors:: A: Aminoglycosides
T: Tetracyclines
G: Glyclycyclines
4.
50S Protein syn. Inhibitors:: Macrolides/Ketolides
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Quin/Dalfo
Linezolid
5.
A synergistic ratio of ?:? of (TMP/SMX) in serum and tissue?: 1:20 TMP:SMX
6.
AE of this drug= causes C diff colitis and what other drug is used for Tx??: -Clindamycin (protein syn inhibitor)
Tx w/ Metronidazole (nucleic acid syn inhibitor)
7.
AE of what drug causes Hepatotoxicity; ocular/blurred vision; decr. accommodation?: Ketolides (Telithromycin)
8.
AE: of Tetracyclines: -Photosensitivity(sunburn)
-Teeth discoloration (<8 yrs or pregnant)
9.
AE: Ototoxicity (8th CN b/c destroy hair cells); Nephrotoxicity (Acute Tubular Necrosis)??: =Aminoglycosides
10.
Aminoglycosides:: -protein synthesis inhibitor class
-CIDAL in Concentration-Dep manner
-exhibit Post Antibiotic Effect (PAE)
-bind 30S in energy/O2-dep manner
-only Gram -/+ Aerobes
-given IV; 1/day
-drug-monitoring critical
AE: Ototoxicity (8th CN b/c destroy hair cells); Nephrotoxicity (Acute Tubular Necrosis)
11.
anti-pseudomonal Penicillins=: P/T -cillin
12.
Aztenam has which spectrum of activity:: only Gram NEGATIVE
13.
B-lactams mechanism:: inhibit crosslinking of cell wall components via binding PBP's in cell walls
14.
Bacitracin(& mechanism):: -its own group under "cell wall syn. inhibitors"
-inhibits recycling of carrier and incorporation of AA/NT into cell wall
-wide sprectrum of activity
-topical/ophthalmic use
15.
best pseudomonal coverage of all Fluoroquinoles=: Ciprofloxacin
16.
Best pseudomonal coverage of all Fluoroquinolones=: Ciprofloxacin
17.
better bioavailability bet Amocicillin and Ampicillin?: =Amoxcillin has better bioavailability (PO) -pink meds
Ampicillin = IV
18.
binds D-alanine-D-alanine part of cell precursor:: Glycopeptides (Vanco and Telavancin)
19.
Carbapenems (penems):: -most broad spectrum class of activity
+/- Aerobic/anaerobic
20.
Cephalosporins w/ pseudomonal coverage=: dine (3rd gen) & pime (4th gen)
21.
Chloramphenicol:: -only drug in class of protein syn. inhibitor
-High toxicities; wide spectrum of act.
AE: Hemotologic(Bone marrow suppression; aplastic anemia; hemolytic anemia)
-Grey Baby Syndrome
-CNS problems
22.
Clindamycin: -protein syn inhibitor class
-only Gram + ANAEROBES
-good bone/tissue penetration
AE: C. Difficile colitis--need Tx w/ Metronidazole
23.
contraindicated in 5 yr old child w/ earache?: Ciprofloxacin
24.
dine: -3rd generation Cephalosporin
-psuedomonas
25.
DOC for Borrelia burgdorferi=: Tetracycline (Lyme Dz)
26.
DOC for Legionella pneumonia=: macrolides and fluoroquinoles
27.
DOC for MRSA-hospital acquired=: Vancomycin
28.
DOC for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia tx and prophylaxis:: TMP-SMX
29.
DOC for pseudomonas colitis due to C. dificile=: Metronidazole (nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor)
30.
DOC for syphilis and Neisseria meningitidis:: Penicillin
31.
Drug affects only Gram + ANAEROBES?: -Clindamycin (protein syn inhibitor)
32.
Drug had good bone/tissue penetration?: -Clindamycin (protein syn inhibitor)
33.
drug w/ interaction w/ Antacids?: Tetracycline and Fluoroquinole
-b/c Di/Tri ions decr absorption of drugs
34.
Extended spectrum penicillins: -Aminopenicillins: Amoxicillin (PO) & Ampicillin (IV)
-Anti-pseudomonal: P/T
can combo to form B-lactamase inhibitors
35.
Glycopeptides mechanism:: -prevent transfer of cell wall precursor from plasma mem. to cell wall
36.
Glycylcyclines:: -protein syn inhibitor
Ex. Tigecycline
-structural modic of Tetracylcine improves spectrum of act.
-decr suscept. to resistance
-Gram + aerobes/MRSA/VRE
-Gram -
Anaerobes-Clost. perfingens; Bacteroides sp.
37.
Good coverage against Atypical bacteria (CAP)?: -Macrolides (protein syn inhibitors)
-Fluoroquinoles (nucleic acid syn inhibitor)
38.
Grey Baby Syndrome is caused by what drug?: Chloramphenicol:
39.
Imipenum + Cilastatin=: -Ciliastatin not antibiotic but a peptidase inhibitor added to prevent hydrolysis by enzymes in renal brush border
40.
inhibit Topiosomerase IV?: Gram Positive
-prevent separation of daughter DNA molec.
41.
inhibit Topoisomerase II?: Gram Negative
-prevent removing excess positive supercoiling
42.
inhibits recycling of Carrier; topical/opothalamic use; wide spectrum of activity=: Bacitracin (cell wall syn inhibitor)
43.
Ketolides:: -protein syn inhibitor class
-ex. Telithromycin:-added cov. against S. pneumoniae
AE: Hepatotoxicity; ocular/blurred vision; decr. accommodation;
-Contraindicated: -in Myathesenia Gravis pts.
44.
Linezolid:: -gram +/MRSA/VRE
-Time dependent killing
-Renal/non-renal elim
-100% bioavil (PO)
AE: >2weeks Tx causes Thrombocytopenia
45.
Macrolides:: -all good coverage against Atypical CAP (L/M/C)
AE: 1/3 GI incr. motility (mainly Erythromycin); Hepatotoxicity RARE
A-more coverage; NOT metab. to P450 3A4!!!!
C-more coverage; metabolized to P450 3A4
E-less Gram NEG. coverage; metabolized to P450 3A4
F-only for C. Diff assoc. diarrhea
46.
Macrolides/Ketolides: "--thromycin": -protein syn inhibitors
-Hepatically(liver) eliminated
-inhibition of P450 3A4 by C/E/T (Not A)
47.
main reason why Sulbactam and other agents added to some Penicillin combos is:: inhibit B-lactamase enzyme degradation
48.
man taken in for heavy alcohol abuse and becomes infected; which drugs should you avoid?: MTT-side chain drugs
Cefotetan(2) and Cefoperazone(3) (cephalosporin)
49.
Monobactams:: Aztreonam=only drug in class
-binds to PBP-3 of Gram NEG. AEROBES only!
50.
MRSA drug that causes hearing impairment:: Vancomycin (ototoxicity)
51.
MTT side chain; decr Vit K
-disulfuram like alcohol rxn=: Cephalosporins (B-lactam)
52.
Narrow spectrum penecillin: = G/V
Gram ++ Strep
53.
Narrow spectrum; penicillinase resistent: =D L M N
-adds bulky side group
54.
Only class of protein synthesis inhibitor that is -CIDAL?: -Aminoglycosides (-acin/micin/mycin)
55.
only protein synthesis inhibitors that are -CIDAL?: Aminoglycosides
56.
p: 4th generation cephalosporin
-most gram neg; citro/enterobacter; psuedomonas
57.
Penicillin w/ good coverage against MSSA:: Oxacillin (not aminopenicillins or anti-pseudomonal penicillins) ( combo w/ b-lactamase inhibitors would be correct also)
58.
Pt on Warfarin; treated for gallbladder infection; which drug respon. for interaction:: Cefotetan/Cefoperozone b/c MTT side chain; decr Vit K -involved in clotting system
59.
Quin/Dalfo:: -protein syn. inhibitor class
-venous irritation--so adm. w/ central line
-causes myalgias/arthralgias
60.
rolin: 5th generation Cephalosporin
-only MRSA coverage
61.
spectrum of activity for Vancomycin includes:: (MRSA)- gram + ONLY
62.
Telavancin:: -a Glycopolypeptide
-MRSA; gram + only
-Concentration Dep. killing
AE: metallic/soapy taste; black box warning=pregnancy abnormal fetal developement
63.
Tetracylcines "--cycline": -30S protein syn inhibitor
-broad spectrum
-impaired absorption w/ di/tri-valent cations
-Rickettsiae(Rocky Mtn SF); Spirochetes (Lyme Dz); Chlamydia
64.
This drug causes Venous irritation and is adm w/ Central line?: -Quin/Dalfo (of protein syn inhibitors class)
65.
tin/tan: 2nd generation Cephalosporins
-aerobic and anaerobic gram neg.
66.
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (mechanism):: -inhibits folate synthesis (metabolic inhibitor)
-inhibits Tetrahydrofolate synthesis nec. for microbial prod. of DNA
67.
Vancomycin:: -a Glycopolypeptide
-MRSA and coag. neg Staphlococci; gram + only
AE: Red man synd; nephro/ototoxicity
68.
What are the AE's for Tri/Smx?: -Hemotologic:Leuko/Thrombo/Eosinophilia
-Steven Johnson's -skin rash
69.
What drug inhibits topoisomerases necessary for DNA synthesis?: Fluoroquinoles
70.
What drug is distributed in urine(UTI), prostate (prostatis), and CSF?: Tri/Smx
71.
What drug is for pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) HIV patients?: Tri/Smx
72.
Whats drug is contraindicated in Myasthenia Gravis patients?: Ketolides (Telithromycin)
73.
Which antibiotic drug has very high Resistance?: Tri/Smx
74.
Which drug has very high toxicities for a protein synthesis inhibitor?: -Chloramphenicol
75.
Which drug is 100% Bioavil (PO) and eliminated either Renally or Non-renally?: -Linezolid (protein syn inhibitor)
76.
Which drug Tx >2weeks causes Thrombocytopenia?: -Linezolid (protein syn inhibitor)
77.
xone/xime: -3rd generation Cephalosporin
--gonnococci
78.
zolin/lexin: -1st generation Cephalosporin
-most streptococci; gram +
