Vocabulary Chapter 20~
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Virus | particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells |
| Capsid | the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus |
| Bacteriophage | a virus that infects bacteria |
| Lytic infection | process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst |
| Lysogenic infection | process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA |
| Prophage | ... |
| Retrovirus | any of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion and reverse transcriptase (RNA to DNA) |
| Prokaryote | a unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei |
| Bacillus | aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium |
| Coccus | any spherical or nearly spherical bacteria |
| Spirillum | any flagellated aerobic bacteria having a spirally twisted rodlike form |
| Binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
| Endospore | a small asexual spore that develops inside the cell of some bacteria and algae |
| Conjugation | the act of making or becoming a single unit |
| Pathogen | any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism) |
| Vaccine | immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies |
| Antibiotic | a chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that kills microorganisms and cures infections |
| Emerging disease | a disease that is caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations |
| prion | (microbiology) an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid |
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