1.
4.184: 1 Cal = ________ Joules
2.
4.184: Specific heat of Water = ________ J/g °C
3.
calorie: amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree
4.
energy: the ability to do work or produce heat
5.
first law of thermodynamics: the energy of the universe is constant; energy is neither created or lost.
6.
heat: In ∆E = q + w, q equals
7.
heat: flow of energy due to a temperature difference
8.
Hess's law: In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products, the change in enthalpy is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step or in a series of steps.
9.
kinetic energy: energy due to the motion of the object, dependent on mass of the object and its velocity
10.
law of conservation of energy: energy can be converted from one form to another but can neither be created nor destroyed (also first law of thermodynamics)
11.
potential energy: energy due to position or composition
12.
state function: a property of the system that changes independently of its pathway
13.
surroundings: everything else in the system
14.
system: part of the universe on which we wish to focus attention
15.
temperature: a measure of the random motions of the components of a substance
16.
work: force acting over a distance
17.
work: In ∆E = q + w, w equals
