| Term | Definition |
| Spanish Philippines, Dutch East Indies | the only two societies under effective colonial rule in 1800 |
| East Indies | British gave this up after Napoleonic Wars |
| Malay peninsula | British got a free hand here after Napoleonic Wars |
| Singapore | island at tip of Malay peninsula, major stopping point for traffic going to China |
| Burma | when British took control of this region, French feared a monopoly |
| Vietnam | place where French maintained a clandestine missionary organization |
| Mekong River delta | area in Vietnam ceded to France in 1857 |
| Cambodia, Laos | two states taken by France that led to establishment of the French Indochinese Union |
| Thailand | country left as buffer zone between Britain and France |
| Manila Bay | where Dewey defeated Spanish fleet in Philippines |
| Calcutta, Delhi | first highway in India ran between these two cities |
| Indochina | region ruled by France both directly and indirectly |
| Malacca | this, along with Singapore, was ruled by local Muslim rulers under British consent |
| HuĂȘ | the emperor of Vietnam had his palace in this city |
| Hanoi | French established university in this city but it was closed immediately due to student protests |
| Java | island which experienced population growth too rapidly for it to handle |
| Buenos Aires | "Paris" of South America |
| Chile | country whose commodities were nitrates |
| Argentina | country whose commodities were wheat and beef |
| Brazil | country whose commodities were coffee |
| Peru | country whose commodities were sugar and silver |
| Central America | region whose commodities were coffee and bananas |
| Britain | country that invested greatly in Latin American railroads |
| United States | country seen by Latin Americans as the model country |
| Cuba | became an American protectorate after Spanish-American War |
| Puerto Rico | nation annexed outright by United States |
| Nicaragua | occupied by United States troops for almost 25 years |
| Haiti | nation where United States Marines were stationed for almost 20 years |