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organum early form of polyphony, melody added a 4th or 5th above orginal chant line moving parallel to it scores written notes nuemes Symbols above text to show melody of music cantus firmus chant used as basis for polyphonic composition polyphonic imitation melodic phrases moving between voices in exact repetition Proper of Mass parts that change day to day: antiphons, readings, alleluia Ordinary of Mass parts that stay the same: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei motet polyphonic choral composition based on a sacred text that is not part of the ordinary at mass madrigal secular vocal works in several parts, usually five word painting music portrays the meaning of the words of the text; converys shades of meaning movement self-contained section of a larger work that can stand on its own fugue a polyphonic instrumental composition with a main theme repeated in all 'voices' with three parts; subject(main theme), answer(imitation in different voice), and countersubject(follows subject and answer in same voice) oratorio large scale choral work based on biblical story with music similar to opera but without staging or costumes cantata multi-movement work for soloist and orchestra that demonstrates the virtuostic ability of the soloist continuo an accompaniment found in Baroque music consisting of a chordal instrument playing chords and a low chordal instrument playing base line terraced dynamics sudden shifts in dynamics rather than gradual changes ritornello form form of a movement in a concerto in which the orchestra has a recurring theme like a refrain that alternates with the solo sections Orfeo Monteverdi, Baroque Fugue No. 16 in G Minor Bach, Baroque Messiah Handel, Baroque Wachet Auf Bach, Baroque Treatise on Harmony Rameau, Baroque Well-Tempered Clavier Bach, Baroque Gratias tibi Deus Psallentes, Middle Ages Alleluia:Nativitas Perotin, Middle Ages Notre Dame Mass Guillame de Machaut, Middle Ages Ave Maria Josquin Desprez, Middle Ages Pope Marcellus Mass Palestrina, Renaissance As Vesta was Descending Thomas Weelkes, Renaissance Terpsichore Michael Praetorius