MDA 136 Med Law & Ethics Terminology words
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 liability | legally binds an individual or organization to settle a debt or wrongful act |
| tort | a wrongful act committed against a person or property |
| tortfeasor | a person who commits tort |
| morals | personal values and beliefs, acquired during childhood, brought into adulthood |
| breach of contract | failure to fulfill an agreement as outlined in a contract |
| intentional torts | committed by a person with intent to do something wrong |
| nonintentional tort | accidental acts committed by a person who does not intend to do so |
| assault | a non physical threat or act, causes a person to fear harm |
| battery | unlawful touching, with or without physical harm |
| slander | verbally spreading lies or rumors about another person, causes harm to their reputation or employment |
| libel | writing lies or rumors about another person, causes harm to their reputation or employment |
| invasion of privacy | give out info about another person's private, personal matters |
| medical abandonment | physician stops all forms of treatment with a patient, fails to give them sufficient notice |
| fraud | a deceitful act with intention to conceal truth |
| false imprisonment | keeping a person against their will |
| negligence | failing to take reasonable precautions to prevent harm to a patient |
| malpractice | when a professional person is negligent in their duties |
| malfeasance | performance of a wrong and unlawful act |
| misfeasance | performance of a lawful act in an improper way |
| nonfeasance | failure to perform a necessary act |
| res ipsa loquitur | "the thing speaks for itself", an obvious mistake made by healthcare professional |
| respondeat superior/vicarious liability | "let the higher-up answer", physicians responsible for most of their employee's actions while working under them |
| subpoena | orders issued by court to obtain evidence, requires person to provide a testimony, used as evidence in court |
| plaintiff | accuser in a lawsuit |
| defamation of character | malicious or false statements about a person's character |
| res judica/res judicata | "the thing that has been decided", a claim cant be retried once a lawsuit has been decided or settled |
| subpoena duces tecum | "bring with you under penalty of punishment", ordering party to appear and produce records and tangible evidence (documents) for use at a hearing or trial |
| subpoena ad testificandum | "under penalty to give testimony", ordering appearance of a witness in order to give an oral testimony |
| remittitur | a ruling by a judge to lower amount of damages (money) granted by jury |
| additur | a ruling by a judge to increase amount of damages (money) granted by jury, ruling is very rare |
| bioethics | concerned with moral issues that deal with human life, study of ethical and moral practices primarily in area of medical research and technology |
| self-determination act | allows patients to appoint a healthcare surrogate and make decisions about his or her health before they become unable to do so |
| direct cause | any action that causes a secondary action to happen |
| duty | a moral, legal commitment to someone or something |
| dereliction of duty | failure to obey a direct order, includes avoidance of any duty |
| standard of care | requires physicians to perform acts that a physician in a similar situation would perform |
| tort of outrage | intentionally causing severe emotional, mental distress to another person |
| the hippocratic oath | traditionally taken by doctors swearing to ethically practice medicine |
| uniformed anatomical gift act | governs organ/tissue donations, transplants and medical research cadavers |
| living will | "advanced directions", allows an individual to legally document their wishes and treatment/care options in event of their death |
| medical power of attorney | designates an individual to make medical decision for an individual when they are unable to do so |
| unethical | something which is socially, professionally wrong but not necessarily illegal |
| AMT | (American Medical Technologist) association which registers Medical Assistants after successful completion of an exam |
| AAMA | (American Association of Medical Assistants) certifies Medical Assistants after successful completion of an exam |
| the good samaritan law | designed to protect health care professions from being sued for injuries, negligence when helping, volunteering in emergency situations |
| ethical dilemma | issues which conflict between whats right and whats legal |
| medical ethics | refers to a moral obligation to follow rules |
| medical law | refers to a legal obligation to follow rules |
| personal ethics | guidelines for behavior based on a person's moral, personal values |
| professional ethics | standards of conduct set by professional organizations |
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