| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Totalitarianism | A type of government which is dictated by one person. A totalitarian has the absolute power of his country. |
| Fascism | A political theory advocating an authoritarian government, which opposed to liberalism and democracy, and communism. |
| Blackshirts | Members of Italian fascists before WWII. It was led by Mussolini. Helped solidify Mussolini's control |
| OVRA | It was the secrete police in Italy under the Mussolini. Its mission was to prevent and destroy any organization or individual that opposed to fascism in Italy. |
| Mussolini Is Always Right | A slogan from fascism propaganda shows the dictatorship of Mussolini. |
| Schutzstaffeln | SS; German for "Protective Squads" which was under the total control of Adolf Hitler. Responsible for many of the crimes against humanity done by the Nazis during World War II. |
| Nuremberg party rallies. | The annual rally of Nazi Party in Nuremberg during 1933 to 1938, which was functioned as a large propaganda to symbolize the solidarity between German people and Nazi Party. |
| Nuremberg Laws (1935) | Law passed by Nazi German in 1935. Based on pseudoscience to discriminate against Jewish people. The law prohibited the interracial marriage with Jews and striped the German citizenship from Jews. |
| Lateran Accords (1929) | The Mussolini government made a deal with Roman Catholic Church to recognize the authority of Church in the state of Vatican City. |
| New Economic Policy | Economic policy signed by Vladimir Lenin to save the economic in Russia. It required peasants to give a specified amount of raw agricultural product as a tax but allowed peasant to have some private profit. |
| Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. |
| Significance of the Balkans | They had good livestock, oil, metal and space/ room to place soldiers and their people. The Balkans were also strategically placed so they can defend against Russia. |
| Resistance in the Balkans | Mostly in the form of guerilla tactics; in Yugoslavia, future president Tito Broz distinguished himself as a leader. |
| Kristallnacht | 1938; a night of violence against Jews and of destruction of the businesses and other property belonging to them. |
| Francisco Franco | Spanish general who triggered Spanish civil war, which allowed axis forces to test their military |
| Great Purge of the 1930s | A series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin in 1936-1938. This removed all of remaining opposition of power. |
| Beer Hall Putsch (1923) | Hitler's attempt to overthrow the Weimar government of Ebert and establish a right wing nationalistic one in its place; failure; resulted in imprisonment |
| Mein Kampf | The autobiography of Adolf Hitler themes: social Darwinism, anti-Semitism, lebensraum. |
| Lebensraum | living space; This was a major conception and motivation for the Nazi Germany's territorial aggression; help make Germany become economically self-sufficient by adding food and other raw material sources |
| Enabling Act (1933) | A law that was passed by Germany's Reichstag and signed by President Paul von Hindenburg on March 23, 1933. This enabled Adolf Hitler to assume dictatorial temporary powers. |
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