Chemistry (atoms)
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 atomic number | Number of protons in the nucleus |
| mass number | Number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus |
| electron symbol | e- |
| proton symbol | p H^1+ H^+ |
| neutron symbol | n |
| e- location | cloud |
| H^+ location | nucleus |
| n location | nucleus |
| e- relative electrical charge | 1- |
| H^+ relative electrical charge | 1+ |
| n relative electrical charge | 0 |
| e- relative mass | 1/1837 amu |
| H^+ relative mass | 1 amu |
| n relative mass | 1 amu |
| e- atomic mass | 9.11 x 10^-27g |
| H^+ atomic mass | 1.673 x 10^-24g |
| n atomic mass | 1.675 x 10^-24g |
| Average atomic mass | (relative mass x percentage) + (relative mass x percentage)/100 |
| alpha decay | 4/2 He (helium nucleus) |
| beta decay | 0/-1 B (release of a nuclear electron) |
| How is a beta particle created? | The splitting of a neutron into a proton and electron. |
| Alpha charge | 2+ |
| Beta charge | 1- |
| Gamma charge | 0 |
| Alpha energy | 5 MeV |
| Beta energy | 0.05 to 1 MeV |
| Gamma energy | 1 MeV |
| Alpha penetrating power | blocked by paper |
| Beta penetrating power | blocked by metal foil |
| Gamma penetrating power | not completely blocked by lead or concrete |
| Alpha (change in mass # and atomic mass) | -4 -2 |
| Beta (change in mass # and atomic mass) | 0 +1 |
| Positron (change in mass # and atomic mass) | 0 -1 |
| Gamma | 0 0 |
| Half-life | amount of time it takes for one-half of a radioactive sample to disappear |
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