Chapter 7: Nationalism
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Created by:
annakleinkovach on December 1, 2011
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general vocab, key terms, people
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 scientific racism | whitening population over time through immigration and intermarriage..."racial optimists" |
| degeneration | the cause of racial mixing, as believed by "racial pessimists" |
| MEXICAN REVOLUTION | revolution, 1910, uprising by Francisco Madero against Porfirio Díaz; Nationalist=Madero; Emilio Zapata (a local leader), Pancho Villa (built army of cowboys, miners, etc.) |
| EJIDOS | common lands belonging to a town or village; Mexican revolution restored and created ejidos during 1920's and 30's land reform |
| cosmic race | what Mexican minister of education in 1920's José Vasconcelos called mestizos |
| Batllismo | reform movement led by Jose Batlle y Ordóñez during his second term as president of Urugay (1911-15); civic and economic nationalism; social changes (welfare, working conditions=improved); tried to protect uruguay from foreign involvement |
| Light industry | producing mass consumption items (soap, matches, beer, shoes, aspirin, etc.); responded to opportunities of ISI |
| Heavy industry | "durable goods" ie. cars, radios, fridges; responded less to ISI |
| Revolution of 1930 (Brazil) | Getúlio Vargas; FDR type; 1929=elected prez.with support of army over "coffee king" of São paulo; became dictator |
| estado novo (new state, brazil) | 1937=vargas' dictatorial ways begin, nationalist institutional makeover for Brazil; highly authoritarian government; legislative bodies dissolved and political parties banned and mass media censored; Vargas still popular though due to pragmatism and results and nationalist! |
| NATIONALIZATION (OF INDUSTRY/PUBLIC WORKS) | created committees to supervise: railroads, mining, immigration, schools, sports and rec, energy, etc. created "National motor factory"; created national music and national program of musical enrichment; art, books |
| Good Neighbor Policy | 1933; swore off US military intervention in Lat-am; Cuba and Panama no longer US "protectorates"; improved relations w/ US and lat am |
| NATIONALISM | Political movement epousing a strong state, national pride, and economic development; oppose imperialist outsiders; usually defend poor majority |
| ECONOMIC NATIONALISM | action against foreign economic imperialism; raising tariffs to protect local business, government monopoly over public utilities, etc. |
| INDIGENISMO | Nationalist emphasis on indigenous roots. |
| IMPORT SUBSTITUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION (ISI) | trade and economic policy that advocates replacing imports with domestically produced products |
| POPULIST/POPULISM | style of politics aimed at urban working and middle classes (aka populist coalition); nationalist themes and ISI |
| Emiliano Zapata (Mexico) | man who led uprising against Diaz; began Mexican Revolution |
| Pancho Villa (Mexico) | built army of cowboys, railroad workers, miners, etc.; revolutionary |
| Jose Battle y Ordonez (Uruguay) | Uruguay nationalist reformer; 2 terms as prez (1903-07 and 1911-15); civic and economic nationalism |
| Hipólito Yrigoyen (Argentina) | "civil caudillo" won presidency in 1916..hated elite, man of the people; middle-class reform, supported working class--->Radical Civil Union. |
| Haya de la Torre (Peru) | led Peruvian nationalists from exile; nationalist leader who was exile from peru in 1920 for leading protests against pro-US dictator; founded Popular American Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) |
| Getúlio Vargas (Brazil) | FDR of Brazil; 19 year presidency; revolutionary nationalist; revolution of 1930 in brazil; killed self while in office |
| Lázaro Cárdenas (Mexico) | Mexico; 1934-1940 president; came from humble beginnings; wanted better, fairer Mexico; distributed land; supported labor organizations--defended right to strike; PEMEX--->"mexico's declaration of economic independence" |
| Rafael Trujillo (Dominican Republic) | dictator/president for 20+ years until assassinated; many people died in this era. FDR said: "he may be a bastard, but he's our bastard." |
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