Chapter 3: Exercise
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Physical Activity | Muscular movement of the body that results in significant energy expenditure above the resting metabolism. |
| Exercise | Structured physical activity that focuses on improving or maintaining physical capacity. |
| Components of Physical Fitness | Cardiorespiratory (aerobic) fitness. Musculoskeletal (muscular) fitness. -Muscular strength -Muscular endurance -Flexibility Body composition. |
| Aerobic Metabolism | Biomechanical pathways that require oxygen to produce energy for muscle contraction. -Oxidative phosphorylation -Occurs in Mitochondria -Provides nearly all energy at rest -CO2 is bi-product Ex) Distance running, cycling |
| Anaerobic Metabolism | Pathways that do not require oxygen to produce energy for muscular contraction. -Creatine/Phosphocreatine system & glycolysis -Occurs outside the mitochondria -Lactic acid as byproduct Ex) weight lifting, sprinting |
| Red Blood Cells in Blood | Carry O2 bound to hemoglobin. |
| Vasculature | Channels blood between the heart and all parts of the body. |
| Principles of Exercise | -Overload -Reversibility -Specificity -Individual differences |
| Resistance Training | Exercise that developes strength and muscular endurance using free weights, and body weight, or some combination. -Isotonic -Isometric -Isokinetric |
| Factors to determine daily energy expenditure | -Resting metabolic rate -Thermic effect of food -Physical activity |
| Benefits of Cardio exercise | Lowers risk of heat disease. |
| Benefits of Musculoskeletal exercise | Helps combat -lower back pain -osteoporosis -joint disease -loss of mobility -frailty |
| FITT | -Frequency -Intensity -Time -Type (ana/aerobic, endurance/resistance) |
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