WH 9 World Religions
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Created by:
mrvoorhees5 on December 2, 2011
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Mr. Voorhees
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World History 9 - WH 9 Voorhees
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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Shinto | "the way of the gods," a religion based on belief in supernatural beings called kami |
| Buddhism | religion whose followers seek enlightenment and an end to human suffering |
| Buddha | founder of Buddhism; translated as Enlightened One |
| Four Noble Truths | beliefs described by Buddha that explain the connections between life, desire, and suffering |
| Eightfold Path | the way to find the Middle Way: right view, attitude, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration |
| Nirvana | a state of peaceful existence free from suffering |
| Middle Way | a life lived in moderation, avoiding extremes of comfort and discomfort in the search for enlightenment |
| Hinduism | one of the world's oldest religions, practiced by most people in India today reincarnation- |
| Hindu | belief that the atman (soul) will be released from the body after death and later reborn in another; also called Samsara |
| Karma | the sum effect of a person's deeds and actions during life |
| Moksha | escape from the cycle of rebirth, considered by Hindus to be the ultimate goal of human existence |
| Dharma | set of spiritual duties and obligations for Hindus |
| Yoga | a series of physical and mental exercises that aid meditation |
| Jainism | religion founded by Hindus who broke away because they believed moksha could be achieved through giving up worldly goods and controlling one's actions |
| Ahimsa | nonviolence; idea that is central to Jain teaching |
| Christianity | a religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth |
| Messiah | a spiritual leader who, according to prophecy, would restore the ancient Kingdom of David |
| Jesus of Nazareth | a spiritual leader who taught people to seek forgiveness for their sins disciples followers |
| Apostles | twelve disciples chosen by Jesus |
| Martyrs | people who suffer death for the sake of their faith, inspiring others to believe |
| Paul | Jewish apostle who helped spread Christianity in the eastern Mediterranean region, formerly called Saul |
| Eucharist | a religious ceremony that commemorated Jesus's last supper |
| Bishop | a priestly official who oversaw church affairs in a particular city, had authority over other priests in the region |
| Pope | bishop of Rome |
| Judaism | the religion of the Hebrews |
| Torah | most sacred text of Judaism Abraham father of the Hebrew people covenant a solemn agreement |
| Patriarch | ancestral"fathers" |
| Moses | Hebrew leader who led his people out of Egypt |
| Exodus | the journey of the Hebrew people out of Egypt, led by Moses Diaspora the scattering of the Jews outside of Canaan |
| Monotheism | the belief in one God |
| Bedouins | nomadic Arab peoples who lived in bands in the Arabian Peninsula's desert |
| Muhammad | founder of Islam |
| Hegira | Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina |
| Islam | religion founded by Muhammad; literally "to surrender" |
| Muslims | followers of Islam |
| Qur'an | sacred text of Islam, considered Allah's direct revelation |
| Five Pillars of Islam | obligations required of all Muslims |
| Mosque | name for the building where Muslims worship |
| Jihad | word that can be translated as "struggle for the faith" or "holy war" and can also mean the struggle to defend the Muslim community or convert people to Islam |
| Exodus | the journey of the Hebrew people out of Egypt, led by Moses |
| Diaspora | the scattering of the Jews outside of Canaan |
| Confucianism | philosophy that stresses treating others humanely, practicing traditional rituals, and honoring one's ancestors |
| Daoism | philosophy that teaches that harmony is found by finding one's place in nature |
| Laozi | The "Old Master" who encouraged people to give up worldly desires in favor of nature; he founded Taoism (Daoism). |
| Dao De Jing | Daoist teachings written by Laozi |
| Analects | Book written by Confucius about how to improve society and base leadership on merit. |
| Kongfuzi | Confucius' real name |
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