| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Zollverein | name given to the economic union created by Prussia |
| Otto von Bismarck | The Prussian Chancellor that succeeded in creating a united Germany |
| Realpolitik | Realistic politics based on the needs of the state and which saw power as being more important than principles |
| Second Schleswig war, Austro-Prussian war, Franco-Prussian war | three wars that aided the unification of Germany |
| Ems dispatch | A message that Bismarck used to get France to declare war on Germany |
| William I | the first Emperor of the united Germany |
| Kaiser | Title of leader of united Germany |
| Bundesrat | The upper house of the German parliament |
| Franco-Prussian War | the war that put an end to French domination of Europe |
| improved banking system, unified currency, improved railroads | three steps the German government took in 1871 to promote economic development |
| Kulturkampf | the name given to Bismarck's attempt to weaken the role of the Church in Germany |
| the main obstacle to Italian unity | the people gave their loyalties to local leaders |
| Giuseppe Mazzini | Italian nationalist leader and founder of the Young Italy movement |
| Risorgimento | the name given to the Italian nationalist movement |
| Victor Emmanuel I | the King of Sardinia that became the first King of Italy in 1861 |
| Camillo Cavour | the Prime Minister of Sardinia who played a central role in the unification of Italy |
| Giuseppe Garibaldi | the leader of the Sicilian nationalist force known as the Red Shirts |
| Franco-Prussian | war which finally brought Italian unity |
| Popes | The Prisoners of the Vatican |
| Francis Joseph I | the Austrian Emperor who granted limited reforms and granted a new constitution |
| the Reichstag | The lower house of the German parliament |
| Blood & Iron | phrase that characterized the policies Bismarck used to unite Germany |
| Austria & Hungary | two countries tied together by the Dual Monarchy |
| The Ottoman Empire | the sick man of Europe |
| The Balkans | The Powder Keg of Europe |
| Russia | the last European country to end feudalism |
| Alexander II | the Russian Tsar that emancipated the serfs in 1861 |
| Crimean War | the war that lasted from 1853-1856 and which pitted Russia against the British, French, and Turks |
| Zemstvos | the system of local government set up in Russia by Alexander II |
| Pogroms | persecutions of the Jews in Russia |
| Karl Marx | German thinker whose ideas inspired Russian socialists |
| Russo-Japanese War | 1904-05 war that was an embarrassing defeat for Russia |
| Ferenc Deak | the Hungarian leader that helped to create the Dual Monarchy |
| Theodore Roosevelt | U.S. President that was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese War |
| Peter Stolypin | the conservative Russian Prime Minister that sought to restore order after the Revolution of 1905 |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace