1.
50,000: about how many years ago did human leave Africa?
2.
1290 BCE: The Exodus began around __________, during the rule of Ramses.
3.
A series of invasion: Egypt stated to decline around 1200 BCE because of____________.
4.
Abraham: The Hebrew leader at the time of their arrival in Cannan was ____________.
5.
ACGT: What are the 4 letters used to represent linked molecules in DNA?
6.
acropolis: fortified hilltop in any greek city state
7.
Administrator: Darius was known for being a skillful warrior and a gifted ___________.
8.
Alexander the Great: conquered lands from Greece to India; died young at 33 of a fever
9.
Alexandria: city founded by Alexander at the mouth of the Nile River
10.
Aristotle: one of plato's students; tutored Alexander; "Father of Biology"
11.
Arjuna: The Mahabharata is the longest poem ever written, and it it about _________, the hero who learns about man's duties.
12.
articfacts: human mande objects such as tools and jewlery
13.
artisans: skilled workers who make goods by hand
14.
artistocracy: government ruled by a small group of noble, land-owning people
15.
Ashurbanipal: One of the greatest features of Nineveh was the library with over 20,000 clay tablets built by ___________.
16.
Assyria: got a big empire in 850 BCE
17.
autocracy: a government that had unlimited power and uses it in an arbituary manner
18.
barter: a trade of goods and services without money
19.
Bearing Strait: What did people navigate in order to arrive in the new world about 13,000 years ago?
20.
Behistun Rock: The reason that we can read the Clay Tablets is because the ____________ was translated in the mid- 1800s
21.
Brahmins: In the Hindu caste system, the preistly caste of ____________ is at the top.
22.
bronze age: a time when people began using bronze
23.
bureaucracy: a trained civil service, or those who run the government
24.
Caesar: Dictator of Rome; conquered Gaul and became absolute ruler, adopted Octavian as his heir
25.
Caligula: Cruel and ruthless ruler; named his horse consul and ruled for only 4 years
26.
cannan: where the jews wanted to go
27.
cave paintings: What were the first examples of art by humans?
28.
civilizations: a complex culture with advanced cities, specilized workers, complex insitutioins, record keeping, advanced techonology
29.
Cleisthenes: "Father of Democracy"; established the council of 500
30.
Confucius: Ccinas most influential scholar
31.
Consul: One of the two officials elected by the Senate for 1 year, commanded the army and lead the government; found in Republic until the time of Caesar
32.
covenant: a promise between god and his people for worship in return of protection
33.
Crassus: A member of the first triumvirate, "weathiest man in rome", killed by the Parthians
34.
culture: a people's unique way of life
35.
Cuneiform: Much of our knowledge of Mesopotamian life comes from the Clay Tablets written in
36.
Daoism: the philiosphy of Laozi; the search for knowledge and understanding of nature
37.
david: second king; united the tribes, established jeruleum as the capital, and created a dynasty
38.
democracy: government ruled by the people
39.
Dorians: peoples who moved into the Greek area around 1220 BCE, not much is known about them
40.
dynastic cycle: the rise and fall of different families in anicent china
41.
enlightenment: Siddhartha Gautama left isolation in his palace in an attempt to find ______________.
42.
epics: narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds
43.
fertile cresent: an area between the tigris and euphrates where mesopotamia was
44.
filial piety: respect for their parents and acestors
45.
four noble truths: In Buddhism, the _______________ are based on Buddha's teachings and outline his beliefs.
46.
Gaugamela: Alexander's victory here ended Persian power
47.
Giza: Location of the Great Pyramids
48.
Good and Bad deeds in one's life: In Hinduism, the word karma refers to the concept of _________________.
49.
Gracchus: Family known for reforms and attempts to help the poor; brothers Tiberius and Gaius both killed in their reform efforts
50.
Hadrian: Emperor whose reign maked the northernmost expansion of the Roman territory; reorganized the bureaucracy
51.
Hall of Ma'At: The Judgement of the Dead took place in the ___________----
52.
Hammurabi: Babylonian Emperor who helped the empire reach its peak; created the code of Hammurabi
53.
Herodotus: Greek Historian who named Egypt, "The Gift of the NIle"
54.
his wife was homesick and he wanted to recreate the gardens of her homeland: Nabucahnessar II had the hanging gardens built because ...
55.
hittites: peoples who created chariots and used bronze to build their weapons and armor
56.
Homer: A blind man who is thought to have written the Illiad and the Odessey
57.
hominids: humans and other creatures that walk upright
58.
Hyksos: Invaders who ruled Egypt in the 1500-1600s BCE
59.
hyksos: asatic invaders who ruled Egypt from 1640 to 1570 BCE
60.
I Ching: a book of oracles
61.
institutioin: pattern of organization in a community
62.
Jerusalem: Assyrian Kind Sennacherib brags abour besieging cities, capturing prisioners, and killing government officials, all while capturing ____________.
63.
judah: the southern part of Israel after the split in 922 BCE
64.
Knossos: minoan capital
65.
Legalism: the belief that a highly efficent and powerful government was the key to restoring society
66.
loess: fertile soil in China
67.
Looking for food: Why did the second group of people leave africa?
68.
Lower Egypt: Region including the Nile Delta; near the Mediterranean Sea
69.
loyalty and military support: In a system of feudalism, the kind grants land and power in return for ______________.
70.
Mahayana: This sect of Buddism worships Buddha as a god
71.
mandate of heaven: the divine approval that a family would need in order to rule over China
72.
March 15, 44 B.C.: When was julius Caesar assassinated?
73.
Marcus Aurelius: Philosopher ruler; his death marked the end of the Pax Romana in CE 180
74.
Meore: New place of Kushite people after the Assyrians kicked them out in 671 BCE
75.
minoans: seafaring peoples who dominated the trade in the eastern mediterranean from 2000 to 1400 BCE
76.
moksha: The Hindus believe in ___________, where the soul becomes one with Brahma and ends it cycle of rebirth.
77.
monarchy: government ruled by a king
78.
monotheism: belief in a single god
79.
monsoons: seasonal winds in India
80.
moses: the man who lead the jews out of slavery in egypt
81.
Myceneans: some of the people who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 BCE
82.
myths: traditional stories about Greek gods
83.
Narmer: Pharaoh who was credited with uniting Lower and Upper Egypt in 3200 BCE
84.
Nebucadnezzar II: A Chaledan king who restored Babylon to greatness and made it his capital _______________.
85.
neolitic age: 8000 BCE to 3000 BCE
86.
Nero: Ruler of Rome from 54 to 68 , percecuted christians and probably set fire to rome, then rebuilt it
87.
New kingdom: time when pharaohs wanted to stengthen egypt (1570-1075 BCE)
88.
Nineveh: Sennacherib posivitely affected the region when he established the Assyrian captial of ___________.
89.
Nineveh: In 612 BCE, a combined force including the Medes and Chaldeans overthrew and destroyed ____________.
90.
nirvana: The Buddhist idea of _______________ means that a man's soul will stop its cycle of rebirth and become one with the universe.
91.
Octavian: Later known as Agustus, he defeated Antony and Cleopatra to control Rome
92.
oligarchy: government ruled by a few powerful people
93.
oracle bones: animal bones and tortoise shells on which preists scratched questions for the gods
94.
Osiris: God of the Underworld and death; also fertility
95.
overthrew the lybians who had been ruling Egypt for 200 years: The Kushite king, Piankhi, come to power in 751 BCE as an Egyptain pharoah after he____________.
96.
paleolitic age: lasted from 2.5 million to 8000 BC
97.
Patrician: Aristocratic landowners who held most of the power in the Roman republic
98.
Peloponnesian war: war fought between athens and sparta
99.
Pericles: leader of Athens from 461-429 BCE; introduced a direct democracy
100.
persian wars: series of wars fought between the Greek city-states and Persia
101.
Pharaoh: Egyptain King; considered a god
102.
Pheonicians: strongest trading peoples in 1100 BCE; built byblos, tyre, sidon; created the alphabet
103.
Phidippides: important messenger in the Battle of Marathon
104.
Phillip II: king of Macedonia, father of Alexander the Great
105.
Plato: philosopher, wrote the republic, student of Socrates
106.
Pleban: COmmoners who made up the majority of the population
107.
ploytheism: the belief in more than one god
108.
polis: Greek city-state
109.
Pompey: Also in the first triumvirate, he challenged caesar by ordering him to leave his army and return from the provinces alone
110.
Prince Yu: According to legend, ___________ tamed the waters of the river and founded the Xia Dynasty.
111.
prophets: The Hebrew _____________ include Elijah, Moses, and Micah.
112.
Qin Dynasty: replaced the Zhou dynasty in the 3rd century
113.
Ra: Sun God of Egypt
114.
Rosetta Stone: The key to deciphering the hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt was the ______________, translated in the 1820s
115.
Royal Road: ran from persia to Anatolia helped unify the persian empire
116.
satrap: a governer appointed by Daruis who ruled locally
117.
Saul: the first king of Israel; drove the phillistines out of israel
118.
scribes: professional record keepers
119.
Shi Huangdi: ruled around 221 BCE
120.
Socrates: taught Plato and many others; felt that students should examine their beliefs and think for themselves
121.
Solomon: The Hebrew kingdom reached its peak under the rule of _____________.
122.
solomon: the most powerful of the isrealite kings
123.
Sophocles: Playwright who composed Oedipus and Antigone
124.
Spartacus: Slave who lead revolts against Rome and the military from 73-71 BCE, during the decline of the Republic
125.
specilization: development of a skill of a certain kind
126.
The Flooding of the Nile: The Egyptain calender was based off of this event
127.
The ice age caused a drought: What happened to the Earth's climate about 70,000 years ago?
128.
The ten commandments: Hebrew law is based on the ___________________.
129.
Their writing has not been fully deciphered: We know less about the Indus Valley people than other civilizations because...
130.
Themistocles: Athenian admiral at the Battle of Salamis
131.
Theocracy: A government in which rule is based on religious athority
132.
they had been given the mandate of heaven: The Zhou family justified the takeover of the Shang dynasty by claiming _______________.
133.
Thucydides: historian best known for his writings on the Peloponnesian War
134.
to warring gods - one promoting good and one promoting evil: Zoroastrianism was based on the idea of ____________.
135.
Tolerance of diversity: Cyrus the Great stands out among the conquerors of the ancient world mainly for his ______________.
136.
torah: the first 5 books of the jews
137.
trade: What was most responsible for Buddhism's spread across Asia?
138.
Trajan: First non-italian emperor; empire reached its greatest size during his reign
139.
tribune: representatives of the common people who had an assembly seperate from the senate
140.
tribute: pace money paid by the weaker power to a stronger
141.
trojan War: a 10 year war fought between the Myceneans against troy in 1200s BCE
142.
Tutankhamun: The discovery of the pharaohs tomn in 1922 set off a period of great interest in Egypt; the tomb was the only one found with the contents still intact, telling us much about their culture.
143.
tyrant: someone who seizes power by force
144.
Untapishtim: The mesopotamians believed that ____________ was given immortality after he survived the flood, accroding to The Epic of Gillgamesh
145.
Upper Egypt: Region to the South, of higher elevation on the Nile
146.
Vedas: Our knowledge of the Aryans comes from the _________, a collection of hymns, prayers, and magic spells sacred to the Hindus.
147.
Was an asshole to the egyptains: Cambyses ended up loosing the Persian territory in Egypt because he ________________.
148.
wood: unlike other cities of the Fertile Crencent or the Indus Valley, the city of Anyang was built mainly of ___________.
149.
Xerxes: Persian King who won at Thermoylae, lost at Salamis then fled
150.
yin and yang: two powers that represent the natural rythym of all things
151.
ziggurat: a pyramid shaped monument
