5 Written Questions

1. the narrow layer around Earth's surface in which life can exist.
2. the removal and transport of surface material.
3. gases in our atmosphere that trap and radiate heat.
4. natural materials that are used by humans; they can be classified as renewable or nonrenewable.
5. formation of the early envelope of gases around the earth, composed of carbon dioxide, water vapor, sulfur gases.

5 Matching Questions

1. electric generator
2. experiment
3. red supergiant
4. second generation star
5. tributary

1. a a star produced from supernovas of previous stars, as evidenced by presence of heavier elements.
2. b a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
3. c A river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.
4. d a large star that has cooled down, swollen, and turned red.
5. e A procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth.

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. layered form of rock formed in shallow water by the trapping, binding and cementation of cyanobacteria, which show some of the most ancient records of life on Earth.
   1. stromatolites
   2. probability
   3. sustainability
   4. values
2. a nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago; examples include oil, coal, and natural gas.
   1. fossil fuel
   2. biosphere
   3. petroleum
   4. model
3. the number obtained by adding up the data for a given characteristic and dividing this sum by the number of individuals.
   1. mean
   2. ozone
   3. ion
   4. model
4. the change of state from a liquid to a gas.
   1. observation
   2. correlation
   3. radiation
   4. evaporation
5. The process by which nuclei of small atoms combine to form a new, more massive nucleus; the process releases energy.
   1. nuclear fusion
   2. nuclear energy
   3. erosion
   4. pollution

5 True/False Questions

1. salinity → visible light that is radiated by the sun.

   True        False

2. recharge zone → a region of space with an intense gravitational field when a large star dies.

   True        False

3. conduction → transfer of heat through air or water currents.

   True        False

4. volcanic gases → gases emitted include water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur gases.

   True        False

5. big burp → the time period when volcanic eruptions went on continuously, releasing gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur, forming our early atmosphere.

   True        False