Microbiology Final
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Created by:
robertrnichols on October 21, 2007
Description:
Bacteria, fungi, worms, viruses
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Treponema pallidum | easily killed, intimate contact (break in skin, penetration of mucous membranes), transplacental, painless chancre, 2-10 weeks after infection, 6 weeks to heal |
| Syphilis | skin lesions, fever, malaise, pharyngitis, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, gummas, birth defects, death of fetus |
| Borrelia burgdorferi | most common vector in US, deer tick, target rash, flu-like symptoms, erythema chronicum migrans |
| lyme disease second stage | arthritic, arthralgic, cardiac and neurologic symtoms, bell's palsy |
| lyme disease third stage | chronic arthritis, progressive CNS disease |
| Rickettsia | small, pleiomorphic coccobacilli - obligate intracellular parasites |
| Rickettsia rickettsia | tick-borne (south and central mid-altantic coast), high fever, petechial rash, can lead to vascular collapse |
| Rickettsia proazekii | typhus, lice-borne, unsanitary conditions, high fever, headache, prostration, stupor, CNS dysfunction, and myocarditis |
| Rickettsia typhii | Murine (endemic) typhus, rat flea-borne, SE US and Gulf States, headache, myalgia, fever |
| Coxiella burnetii | Q-fever, cattle, sheep and goats serve as reseviors, inhale dust, interstitial pneumonitis, and fever |
| Erlichia chaffeensis (Anaplasmosis) | Human monocytic erlichiosis |
| Anaplasma phagocytophilum | Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, white-footed deer mouse, tick-borne, infects granulocytes, rapid onset fever, chills, headache, myalgia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia |
| Myobacteria | Acid fast stain, aerobic bacilli, mycolic acid cell wall impervious to chemical disinfectants and drying, slow developing diseases, |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Pink acid fast stain, consumpation or white plague, biggest killer worldwide, lung infection (may disseminate), coughing, Multi-drug resistant strains (resists 2 of the 4 agents of treatment) |
| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex | Disseminated miliary disease, immunosuppressed |
| Mycobacterium leprae | Hansen's disease, prolonged skin contact (exudates to abraided skin), Chronic granulomatous condition, neuritis leading to anesthesia |
| Helminths | Cestodes, Nematodes, Trematodes, damage from dissemination rather than primary site of infection, 70% of world infected, |
| Helminth Transmission and treatment | eggs, larvae, insect bites, skin penetration, drugs, symptoms, wait for death of pathogen |
| Helminths anatomy | no circulatory system, anaerobic respiration, nourished by host's tissue or nutrients, energy expenditure mainly for reproduction |
| Nematodes | elongated, non-segmented, tapered at both ends, don't reproduce in humans, categorized by site of infection and mode of infection |
| Intestinal nematodes in US | Pinworms, Roundworms, Whipworms, Hookworms, Threadworms, Trichinella |
| Enterobiasis (pinworm infection) | Enterobius, most common worm infection, eggs ingested, perianal itching |
| Pinworm | Eggs hatch in small intestine, larvae migrate to colon, adults leave colon to lay eggs, scotch tape test |
| Ascariasis (roundworm infection) | Ascaris lumbricoides, worldwide, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, malnutrion, abdominal obstruction, small intestine, eggs in soil (ingest), infection (small intestine, lungs, swallowed) |
| Trichuriasis (whipworm infection) | Trichuris trichuria, rural SE US, damage intestine, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, stunt growth, mucousal damage (ulceration and hemorrhage), blood loss, anemia, rectal prolapse, egg serve as diagnostic |
| Hookworms | Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, ground itch, pneumonitis, cough, dyspnea, anemia (blood loss), epigastric pain, abnormal peristaltis, migrating larva, soil, penetrate skin, small intestine |
| Strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection) | Strongyloides stercoralis, pneumonitis, cough, dyspnea, watery diarrhea, reinfects host (transient lesions), intestinal irritation, malabsorption, filarial migration (fatal in immunocompromised), small intestine, soil |
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