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hollow, coned shape, muscular pump, located in the thoracic cavity, resting on the diaphragm Description of the heart located within the mediastinum, bordered laterally by the lungs, posteriorly by the vertebral column, anteriorly by the sternum Describe the location of the heart: Located? Bordered? Posteriorly? Anteriorly? cardiovascular system Most important system to sustain life; helps remove waste; transports blood between the body cells and organs pericardium Outer sac that encloses the heart at the proximal ends of the large blood vessels to which it attaches made up of dense fibrous connective tissue, attached to central portion of the diaphragm What is the pericardium made up of and where is it attached? endocardium, myocardium, epicardium The 3 walls of the heart: from the inside out left and right Atria, left and right ventricles 4 chambers of the heart atria The upper chambers of the heart ventricles The lower chambers of the heart arteries Carry blood under relatively high pressure away from the heart to the arterioles veins Carry blood under low pressure from the venule back to the heart arterioles Connects arteries to capillaries capillary Provides a membrane with nutrients and gasses between blood and tissue fluid venule Connects a capillary to a vein and returns back to the heart arteriosclerosis Disease caused by the build up of bad cholesterol and the artery gets clogged; the hardening and thickening of the walls; it needs blood to flow through it for the contraction or the strength of the artery myocardial infarction Another name for heart attack heart attack A type of stress in the heart and or lack of oxygenated blood (blood pumped in the heart, passed by the lungs) the valves of the heart are opening where blood is transferred for blood to get through the rest of the body What happens when the heart beats? tricuspid, pulmonary, bicuspid, aortic 4 valves of the heart heart murmur Back flush of blood through any of the valves blood pressure Amount of pressure on the artery when blood starts to go through systolic blood pressure Top number of blood pressure diastolic blood pressure Bottom number of blood pressure thrombosus When there is a blood clot in an artery embolism Blood clot that is floating; chances are that it will get stuck wherever there is a narrowing of an artery or arteriole stroke When there is a lack of oxygen in the brain or when the heart can't pump enough blood or oxygen to the brain pericarditis Inflammation of the pericardium (which is the sac outside of the heart) cardiac cycle When the chambers of the heart contract; heart valves open and close electro cardio ground How they take a measurement rate of your heart HDL and LDL 2 different types of cholesterol in the blood that are attached to proteins in the heart high-density-limpo protein; good cholesterol HDL low-density-limpo protein; bad cholesterol LDL stroke volume The amount of blood that surges through an artery when the heart beats or when there is a contraction hypertension When a person has high blood pressure