1.
3 characteristics of a bureaucracy: 1) division of labor 2) chain of unity and command 3) rules and procedures
2.
3 major aspects of American policing: 1) Limited authority, 2) local control, 3) fragmented organization
3.
4 Charchteristics of the Political Era: 1840-19301) Authority comes from politicans, 2) Law Enforcement serves as a broad social service function 3) De-centralized organization all descions are made by officers 4) Extensive use of foot patrol
4.
Arrest: Do not need a warrant to take a person from a public place, or from their home, but you need a warrent to take a person form a thrid persons home
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Attourney General: provides assistnace to local prosecuters
6.
August Vollmer: Cheif of police in berkely california he urged the police to made into a professional force a nonpartisan agency of goverment committed to public service
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Bobbies: Officers named after Sir Robert Peel
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Boston: 1631 first night watch
9.
Bureau of customs: investigate fraud,search ships, examines things coming in and out of the country
10.
Clearnance Rate: The percentage rate of crimes known to the police that they believe they have solved through an arrest a statisitc used to measure a poliec departments productivity
11.
Code of hammurabi: the first written code of laws in history
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Code of justinian: collection of laws and legal intepretaions developed under the emperor
13.
Community Policing Era: 1970- present emphasis on keeping order and providing services to the community
14.
Emergency circumstances: to prevent immediate distruction of the evidence
15.
External Stress: produced by real threats and dangers, such as entering a dark unfamilar building
16.
FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation is an invesigative agaency within the U.S. department of Justice with power to investigate
17.
frankpledge: A system in which the members of a tithing, a group of ten families, pledged to be respnsible for keeping order and briniging violators of law to court
18.
Georgia vs. Randolph: have to get consent from the suspect to enter the house or the wife
19.
Habeas Corpus: when your put in jail somone can review to see if you should be held or if you can be realsed
20.
Henrey the first: develops the book Leges henrici
21.
Henry fielding: wants the police to be paid and he developed the bullstreet runners, first detective service in London
22.
Internal Renevue: collections, criminal investigation, catch criminals through their taxes
23.
Inventory searches: prevent false claims, officer theft, dept of saftey
24.
Justice of Peace: running the local crminals
25.
Line Functions: police compoents that directly perform field opperations carry out basic functions of patrol, investigation, traffic, vice, and juvenile
26.
Mosaic Law: the document god gave to isreal, contains requirments, blessings, cursings
27.
Occupational stress: this refelects the total effect of dealing with theives, mentallt ill, being lied to so often all the citizens become suspect
28.
order maintenance: function ia a broad mandate to prevent behavior that either disturbs or threatens to disturb the public peace
29.
Organizational Stress: produced by the nature of the work, changing of the schedules, irregular work, hours and detailed rules and procedures
30.
Patriach: someone who is the leader, law giver, law enforcer, and would have the power in legislative process
31.
Pendelton Act: Cicil Service system test and interview for political jobs, gives people more job security
32.
Personal Stress: problems getting along with other officers and adjusting to group values that differ from from one's own
33.
Police Agencies carry out 3 functions: 1) maintaining order, 2) enforcing the law, 3) providing services to the community
34.
Political era: 1840-1920 close ties between the police and the local political leaders at that time
35.
Possee Commitatus: the ability to draft and hunt down criminals
36.
Proactive: search for potential offenders that is initiated by the police without waiting for a crime to be reported
37.
Probable Clause: to search belief that what you want to serch for is tied to criminal activity, and the belief that the item is there ti go search for itAtt
38.
professional model era: 1920-1970 influenced by the progressive movement, the propgressives were upper- class americans with 2 goal more efficent goverment, and more goverment services
39.
Reactive: responding to the citizens calls for service
40.
Reasonable Clause: all search and sezures must have a reasonable clause
41.
Reform Era: 1930-1980 1) Authority comes from law and profesionalism 2) Centralized, very oraginzed 3) Remote from the community 4) motorized control
42.
Sir Robert Peel: father of modern policing, home secretary in the British Cabinet, pushed parliment to pass the Metropolitan Police Act, which created London police force
43.
Spolis System: When a person wins public office they can fufill jobs, held by a particular politician
44.
Stop + Frisk: based on reasonable suspicion, based on reasonable belief, pat down a persons clothes
45.
Traffic Responsibilties: Enforce traffic laws, direct and control traffic, providing directions and assistance, invest in motor vech accidents, provide emergency, assist accidents, gather traffic info
46.
Tweleve Tablets: Earliest Roman Law
47.
where does law come from?: tribal, custom, religious teachings, and a moral code is developed
48.
why study?: 1) there is a big foundation, 2) understand and identify our society, 3) Hepls us make informed descions 4) post to get your license
49.
Women Police: 1883, first supervised the women in the jails, then 1914 they were fully intergreated
