China & Rome (Unit 4)
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 monsoon | 2 different winds that create a downpour and help China's agriculture |
| Yellow River | loess (brown/yellow dust) fertile soil (agriculture) towns/cities settle here and transportation routes the Nile for China |
| Xia | 3 Sage Kings = wise person Yu tamed the Yellow River doesn't really exist |
| Shang (includes Yin Yang) | copper and tin = BRONZE Anyang (organized) capital city Yin (girl) Yang (guy) patriarchal society 2nd dynasty Chinese dynasty begins here |
| Zhou | FEUDALISM duke = military leader govt. power increased noble power decreased |
| feudalism | local government govt., society, economic sys., makes deals to get what it needs |
| Daoism | go with the flow be one with nature philosophy |
| Mandate of Heaven | approval of the gods to rule the ruler is supposed to be a guardian of the people |
| Confucianism | MORAL/elite patriarchal hierarchal (5 relationships) father - son older bro - younger bro ruler - subject Devotion SOCIAL HARMONY philosophy "the analects" do the right thing |
| filial piety | honor mother and father (CONFUCIANISM) |
| Legalism | people = bad at heart strict discipline used by Qin Shi Huangdi |
| oracle bones | predicts future BOX Oracle of Delphi shang |
| Role of Family | most IMPORTANT respect elders women treated unfairly son is always wanted |
| Warring States Period (Period of Warring States) | legalism, daiosim, confucianism developed |
| Qin | used Legalism (strict discipline) UNIFICATION! roads about 15 yrs |
| Qin Shi Huangdi | 1st emperor made china strong empire strong military unification Standardization (coins, language/writing, measuring) gr8 wall and terra-cotta soldiers |
| Han | Golden Age SOCIAL HARMONY! adds confucianism SILK ROAD!!!!!!! |
| Silk Road | used for silk trade path traveled for trading silk trades stirrups connects Chang'an to Rome Trade/culture exchange -> Dominance (diversity) more trade = more advancement (cradle) |
| Emperor Wu/Han Wu Di | military expansion horse collar cross bow communication Silk Road |
| Indian Ocean Maritime trade (IOMS) | trading route on Indian Ocean (helps with advancement) |
| RICE | basis of China's agriculture |
| Gentry | middle class lessens gap between rich and poor scholar-officials made govt. more efficient |
| monarchy | 1 king |
| Roman Republic | CHECKS AND BALANCES representative govt. Punic Wars Carthage vs. Rome |
| Downfall of R.R. | GAP between rich and poor corrupt senate unemployment lot of wars RISE military dictators |
| Rise of R.R. | EXPANSION! professional army better organization ASSIMILATION (fully understand culturally) |
| Senate | advisors to consuls |
| consuls | "presidents" |
| partricians | elite |
| plebians | lower class |
| Roman Principate/Empire | princeps = 1st among equals government where emperor "listens" to other branches |
| Augustus Caesar | founder of Roman Principate defeated all of his rivals PROSPERITY |
| Octavian | redid the govt. system of the Romans carefully |
| equites | successful landowners second in status and wealth to senatorial aristocracy, in "ancient Italy" middle class |
| Pax Romana | "Roman peace" stability & prosperity kept senate and plebeians happy culture not as much war |
| Romanization | spread of Roman way of life and Latin language |
| aqueducts | either underground or elevated channel for conveying water that used gravity to carry water where it was needed Romans built many of them to keep a time of sold urbanization |
| Constantine | makes Christianity legal |
| Constantinople (Byzantium) | Constantinope changes capital from Rome to Byzantium because its a better location, he renames it Constantinople |
| Diocletian | saved Roman Empire, splits into 2 |
| Byzantine Empire | when Rome split into 2, eastern part of Rome |
| Roman Empire Fall | Barbarians poor leadership GAP between rich and poor Disease |
| Julius Caesar | good general brought Rome out of the republic into the empire dictator |
| Roman Empire Rise | Etruscans (pre-Romans = ancestors) 7 kings urbanized and started to become more powerful Republic Emperors |
| stirrups | keep control of horse where you put your feet |
| triangular, latten sails | traingular-shaped sails allowed ships to sail against the wind invented by Chinese perfected by Arab Traders |
| urbanization | becoming a city |
| limited democracy | ... |
| agora | a place of assembly for the people in ancient Greece |
| merit | any admirable quality or attribute |
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