AP US Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848
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kristinalmichaud on December 5, 2011
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AP US chapter 17 studyguide
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61 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 caucus | an unofficial organization or consultation of like-minded people to plan a political course or advance their cause, often within some larger body |
| royalty | the share of the proceeds from work paid to an inventor, author, composer, etc |
| default | to fail to pay a loan or interest due |
| repudiate | to refuse to accept responsibility for paying a bill or debt |
| protectorate | the relation of a strong nation to a weak one under its control and protection |
| colossus | anything of extraordinary size and power |
| resolution | in government, a formal statement of policy or judgment by a legislature, but requiring no legal statute |
| intrigue | a plot or scheme formed by secret, underhanded means |
| parallel | in geography, the imaginary lines parallel to the earth's equator, marking latitude |
| deadlock | to completely block or stop action as a consequence of the mutual pressure of equal and opposed forces |
| dark horse | in politics, a candidate with little apparent support who unexpectedly wins a nomination or election |
| mandate | in politics, the belief that an official has been issued a clear charge by the electorate to pursue some particular policy goal |
| platform | the campaign documnet stating a party's or candidate's position on the issues, and upon which they "stand" for election |
| no-man's-land | a territory to which neither of two disputing parties has clear claim and where they may meet as combatants |
| indemnity | a repayment for loss or damage inflicted |
| The conflict between President Tyler and Whig leaders like Henry Clay took place over issues of | banking and tariff policy |
| Among the major sources of the tension between Britain and the United States in the 1840s was | American involvement in Canadian rebellions and border disputes |
| The Aroostook War involved | a battle between American and Canadian lumberjacks over the northern Maine boundary |
| During the early 1840s, Texas maintained its independence by | Establishing friendly relations with Britain and other European powers |
| Texas was finally admitted to the union in 1844 as a result of | President Tyler's interpretation of the election of 1844 as a "mandate" to acquire Texas |
| Manifest Destiny represented the widespread American belief that | God has destined the United States to expand across the whole North American continent |
| Britain eventually lost out in the contest for the disputed Oregon territory because | the rapidly growing number of American settlers overwhelmed the small British population |
| Henry Clay lost the election of 1844 to James Polk because | his attempt to straddle the Texas annexation issue lost him votes to the antislavery Liberty party in New York |
| The final result of the British-American conflict over the Oregon country in 1844-1846 was | a compromise agreement on a border at the forty-ninth parallel |
| the immediate cause of the Mexican War was | Mexian refusal to sell California and a dispute over the Texas boundary |
| the main american military campaign that finally captured Mexico City was commanded by | General Winfield Scott |
| the treaty of guadalupe hidalgo ending the mexican war provided for | american acquisition of about half of mexico and payment of 15 million dollars in compensation |
| the major domestic consequence of the mexican war was | a sharp revival of the issue of slavery |
| "Spot resolutions" refers to | Congressman Abraham Lincoln's resolution demanding to know the exact spot of American soil where American blood had supposedly been shed |
| John Tyler | Leader elected vice president on the Whig ticket who spent most of his presidency in bitter fueds with his fellow Whigs |
| Henry Clay | Leader of Senate Whigs and unsuccessful presidential candidate against Polk |
| Aroostook War | Clash between Canadians and Americans over disputed timber country |
| Daniel Webster | Whig leader and secretary who negotiated an end to Maine boundary dispute in 1842 |
| Texas | Independent nation that was the object of British, Mexican, and French scheming in the early 1840s |
| James K. Polk | Dark-horse presidential winner in 1844 who effectively carried out ambitious expansionist campaign plans |
| John C. Fremont | Dashing explorer/adventurer who led the overthrow of Mexican rule in California after war broke out |
| Abraham Lincoln | Congressional author of the "spot resolutions" critizing the Mexican War |
| Rio Grande | Claimed by the United States as southern boundary of Texas |
| Zachary Taylor | American military hero who invaded northern Mexico from Texas in 1846-1847 |
| Winfield Scott | "Old Fuss and Feathers," whose conquest of Mexico City brought U.S. victory in the Mexican War |
| Santa Anna | Mexican military leader who failed to stop humiliating American invasion of his country |
| Nicholas Trist | Long-winded American diplomat who negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo |
| David Wilmot | Congressinal author of resolution forbidding slavery in territory acquired from Mexico |
| Oregon | Northwestern territory in dispute between Britain and the US, subject of "Manifest Destiny" rhetoric in 1844 |
| Canada | British Colony where Americans regularly aided anti-government rebels |
| Maine | State where "Aroostook War" was fought over a disputed boundary with Canada |
| Britain | Nation that strongly backed independence for Texas, hoping to turn it into an economic asset and antislavery bastion |
| Conscience Whigs | AntislaveryWhigs who opposed both the Texas Annexation and the Mexican War on moral grounds |
| Joint Resolution | Act of both houses of Congress by which Texas was annexed |
| 54 40 | Northern boundary of Oregon territory jointly occupied with Britain, advocated by Democratic party and others as the desired line of American expansion |
| Oregon Trail | Two-thousand-mile-long path along which thousands of Americans journeyed to the Williamette valley in the 1840s |
| Manifest Destiny | The widespread American belief that God had ordained the United States to occupy all the territory of North American |
| Liberty Party | Small antislavery party that took enough votes from Henry Clay to cost him the election of 1844 |
| 49th parallel | Final compromise line that settled the Oregon boundary dispute in 1846 |
| California | Rich Mexican province that Polk tried to buy and Mexico refused to sell |
| Nueces River | River that Mexico claimed as the Texas-Mexico boundary, crossed by Taylor's troops in 1846 |
| Spot Resolution | Resolution offered by Congressman Abraham Lincoln demanding to know the precise location where Meixcans had allegedly shed American blood on "American" soil |
| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | Treaty ending Mexican War and granting vast territories to the United States |
| Wilmot Provise | Controversial amendment, which passed the House but not the Senate, stipulating that slavery should be forbidden in territory acqured from Mexico |
| lionized | celebrity status |
| imperious | arrogantly superior |
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