Brain Lab Notes-BIO201
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Created by:
starshine2089 on December 5, 2011
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Telencephalon (forebrain) | superficial and superior portions of brain |
| Cerebrum | consciousness, cognition, memory, sensory and motor integration |
| Cerebral Hemispheres | superior divided into right and left hemisphere by the longitudinal fissure |
| Cerebral Cortex | most superficial layer of cerebrum, composed of gray matter contains gyri and sulci which increase surface area |
| Gyrus | elevated ridge |
| Sulcus | shallow groove divided into regions called lobes |
| Frontal Lobes | cognition, personality, intelligence, empathy, speech |
| parietal lobes | touch, taste, motor integration |
| temporal lobes | smell, taste, hearing |
| occipital lobes | vision |
| cental sulcus | divides frontal and parietal lobes |
| lateral fissure/sulcus | divides temporal from the parietal and frontal lobes |
| corpus callosum | tract of white matter that connects cerebral hemispheres located at base of longitudinal fissure, makes up roof of lateral ventricles |
| fornix | involved in olfaction (smell), makes up floor of lateral ventricles |
| lateral ventricles | CSF filled spaces that extend laterally into each cerebral hemisphere |
| septum pellucidum | divides the right and left lateral ventricles |
| diencephalon (forebrain) | deep and inferior to cerebrum |
| thalamus | almond-shaped, bi-lobed, lobes connected by intermediate mass (usually) integrates sensory and motor information, emotion, memory |
| hypothalamus | "g" on model inferior and anterior to thalamus regualtes homeostasis, ANS, emotions, drives, behavior |
| pineal body/gland | (pink structure) posterior to thalamus, secretes the hormone melatonin, involved in sleeping |
| mammillary bodies | (underside) anterior surface, interior to hypothalamus, olfaction (smell) |
| hypohphysis (pituitarty gland) | anterior surface, attached to hypothalamus by infundibulum secretes hormones that regulate other hormones, growth, development |
| optic chiasma | anterior surface, superior to pituitary, crossover of optic nerves |
| third ventricle | CSF-filled space located between the lobes of the thalamus |
| mesencephalon (midbrain) | inferior to diencephalon, relays sensory and motor information |
| corpora quadrigemina | (be on dissection) posterior, four lobes call colliculi |
| superior colliculi (2) | visual reflex, coordinate head-eye movement |
| inferior colliculi (2) | auditory sensation and reflexes |
| cerebral peduncles | anterior, large tracts that relay information to and from the cerebrum |
| metencephalon | interior to mesencephalon |
| cerebellum | posterior, divided into two hemispheres, coordinates skeletal muscle activity |
| pons | anterior large bulge, relays information, skeletal muscle activity, breathing |
| fourth ventricle | CSF-filled space between pons and cerebellum |
| myelencephalon | medulla |
| medulla oblongata | inferior to pons, anterior bulge, connects brain stem to spinal cord regulates cardiovascular and respiratory system, swallowing, sneezing, coughing, vomiting |
| brain stem | contains midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata |
| Olfactory (I) Nerve | Passage into skull: inside skull Function: smell |
| Optic (II) Nerve | Passage into skull: optic foramen Function: sight |
| Oculomotor (III) Nerve | Passage into skull: superior orbital fissure Function: eyes muscles (smooth and skeletal) |
| Trochlear (IV) | Passage into skull: superior orbital fissue Function: eye skeletal muscles |
| Trigeminal (V) | (easiest on model; big white dot) has 3 branches; maxillary div., mandibular div., ophthalmic div |
| Maxillary div | Passage into skull: foramen rotundum Function: sensory for noise, palate, teeth, cheek |
| Mandibular Div. | Passage into skull: foramen ovale Function: sensory for tongue, chin, temples skeletal muscles for chewing |
| Ophthalmic Div. | Passage into skull: superior orbital fissure Function: sensory for scalp, eyelid, nose |
| Abduncens (IV) | Passage into skull: superior orbital fissure Function: skeletal muscles of eye |
| Facial (VII) | Passage into skull: internal auditory meatus Function: skeletal facial muscles, lacrimal glands, salivary glands; sensory for tastebuds |
| Vestibulocochlear (VIII) | Passage into skull: internal auditory meatus Function: equilibrium and hearing |
| Glossopharyngeal (IX) | (tongue/throat) Passage into skull: jugular foramen Function: skeletal muscles for swallingin, salivary glands; sensory for taste and touch on tongue and pharynx |
| Vagus (X) | (very little one around the side) Passage into Skull: jugular foramen Function: skeletal muscles of larynx and pharynx, hearts, lungs, viscera; sensory for viscera; taste buds and pharynx |
| Accessory (XI) | (underneath hypoglossal) Passage into skull: jugular foramen Function: skeletal muscles of laryne, pharynx, neck |
| Hypoglossal (XII) | Passage into skull: hypoglossal canal Function: skeletal muscles of tongue |
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