| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Heterogeneous | Of another or different race, family or kind; composed of a mix of elements. |
| Immigrant | Those people legally admitted as permanent residents of a country. |
| Reservation | Public land set aside by a government for use by Native American tribes. |
| Refugee | A person who has to leave his or her country to find safety. |
| Assimilation | The blending or fusing of minority groups into the dominant society |
| Segregation | Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences. |
| Jim Crow law | Laws enacted by Southern state and local government to separate white and black people in public and private facilities. |
| Separate-but-equal doctrine | A constitutional basis for laws that separate one group from another on the basis of race. |
| Integration | The action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community. |
| De jure segregation | Segregation that is imposed by law. |
| De facto segregation | Segregation that exists through custom and practice rather than by law. |
| Affirmative action | A policy of creating opportunities for members of certain groups as a substantive remedy for past discrimination. |
| Quota | A rule requiring certain numbers of jobs or promotions for members of certain groups. |
| Reverse discrimination | Lawsuit or claim brought by majority member who feels adversely affected by the use of an affirmative action plan. |
| Citizen | A native or naturalized member of a state or other political community. |
| Jus soli | The principle that a person's nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth. |
| Jus sanguinis | The principle that a person's nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents. |
| Naturalization | The proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship. |
| Alien | A citizen of another country; strange. |
| Expatriation | Giving up citizenship to a country for gaining citizenship to another country. |
| Denaturalization | Process by which a naturalized citizen may involuntarily lose their citizenship. |
| Deportation | The expulsion from a country of an undesirable alien. |
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