25 SCWS Weapons fundamentals
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130 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1st rule of weapons safety | Treat every weapon as if it were loaded |
| 2nd rule of weapons safety | Never point a weapon at anything you do not intend to shoot |
| 3rd rule of weapons safety | keep finger straight and off the trigger until you are ready to fire |
| 4th rule of weapons safety | Keep weapon on SAFE until you intend to fire |
| Condition One: | Magazine is inserted, a round must be in position to fire (chambered), and the safety is on. |
| Condition Two: | Magazine is inserted, a round must be in position to fire (chambered), the weapons action is closed, and hammer must be forward. This condition applies to weapons with external hammers except for the M9 Service pistol. |
| Condition Three: | Magazine is inserted, chamber is empty, the action is closed and the safety is on. |
| Condition Four | All ammo is removed, the chamber is empty, the action is closed and the safety is on. |
| Malfunction: | The failure of a weapon to function satisfactorily, usually because of excess friction caused by dirt, improper lubrication or carbon buildup. |
| Misfire | A complete failure to fire, NOT a delay in firing that may be caused by a faulty firing mechanism or a faulty element in the propelling charge explosive train. |
| Cook Off: | The functioning of any or all of the explosive components of a cartridge chambered in a hot weapon due to the heat from continual firing of that weapon. |
| Stoppage: | Any interruption in the cycle of functioning caused by faulty action of the weapon or ammunition. |
| There are eight steps in the cycle | Feed,Chambering,Locking,Firing,Unlocking, Extracting, Ejecting, Cocking |
| Define Feeding | the feeding action places a round in the receiver just to the rear of the chamber |
| Define Chambering | takes place as the moving bolt strips the round and forces it into the chamber. |
| Define Locking | holds the bolt in the forward position for a short period of time to prevent the loss of gas pressure |
| Define firing | the firing pin strikes the primer of the cartridge |
| Define Unlocking | after the round is fired, the bolt unlocks and moves rearward. |
| Define extracting | the process of pulling the empty case back out of the chamber. As the bolt moves rearward extraction occurs |
| Define ejecting | as the casing is extracted, ejection occurs as it is thrown out of the weapon |
| Define cocking | the retraction of the firing mechanism against spring pressure so that there will be sufficient energy to fire the next cartridge |
| Define Trajectory | The flight path the bullet takes from the weapon to the target |
| Define the breech | The rear end of the barrel |
| Define the Chamber | The enlarged part of the bore at the breech that holds the cartridge |
| Define Muzzle | The front or forward end of the barrel |
| Define Muzzle velocity | The speed at which the bullet travels when it leaves the muzzle |
| ammunition by using color codes | Orange or Red - Tracer rounds. Violet - Blank Rounds. Black - Armor piercing. Aluminum - Armor piercing, incendiary. Green or Brass - Standard ball ammunition. |
| 9 mm general information | Semi-automatic Magazine fed Recoil Operated Double Action or single action firing pistol Current issue sidearm |
| 9 mm Capabilities/Characteristics Length, Weight (empty, loaded), magazine capacity, max range, max effective range (point, Area), Muzzle velocity | Length: 8.54in Weight: 2.12lbs Weight fully loaded (15rnd mag): 2.54lbs Magazine capacity: 15 rounds Max range 1800 m Max effective range (point/area): 50m Muzzle velocity: 1230/fps |
| 9 MM safety features | IT HAS ONE SAFETY but THREE SAFETY FEATURES • Ambidextrous safety: Allows for safe operation of the pistol by right and left handed users. Lowers the hammer safely without causing an accidental discharge • Firing Pin Block: Prevents any motion of the firing pin and is only overcome by pulling the trigger • Half Cock Notch: Prevents accidental discharge. If the cocked hammer should fall forward due to a mechanical failure, this would catch on the sear before the hammer would strike the firing pin. |
| 9 MM # in TOA AD/AE | SLRP 4 OPP 6 AP 20 MP 145 175 Total |
| 9MM Ammo types | Ammunition: fires 9mm Ball ammunition |
| M16 A2E3 Rifle general information | Lightweight Air cooled Gas operated Magazine fed Shoulder fired Semi-automatic or fully automatic Selector switch safety |
| M16 A2E3 Characteristics Length, Weight (empty, loaded), magazine capacity, max range, max effective range (point, Area), Muzzle velocity | Length w/flash suppressor: 39in Length of barrel w/flash suppressor: 21in Weight: 7.8lbs Weight fully loaded (30 round ma): 8.8 lbs Magazine capacity: 30 rounds Max range: 3534m Max effective range: (P) 550 m (A) 800m Muzzle velocity: 3100/fps |
| M16 A2E3 Rates of Fire | Sustained: 12 to 15 rounds per minute Rapid: 150 to 200 rounds per minute Cyclic: 700 to 800 rounds per minute |
| M16 A2E3 # in TOA AD/AE | SLRP 8 OPP 27 AP 67 MP 548 650 Total (individual TOA's add up to this) 420 Total (Overview TOA states this) |
| M16 A2E3 Ammo types | 5.56 X 45mm Ball: Standard round 5.56 X 45mm Tracer: Used to mark targets or cause incendiary effects 5.56 X 45mm Blank: Training round 5.56 X 45mm Dummy: Totally inert training |
| M4A1 Rifle general information | Lightweight, Air cooled Gas operated, Magazine fed Shoulder fired, Semi-automatic or fully automatic Selector switch safety Similar to M16 but a carbine (shorter barrel for military operations in urban terrain (MOUT) |
| M4A1 Characteristics Length, Weight (empty, loaded), magazine capacity, max range, max effective range (point, Area), Muzzle velocity | Length 29.75" - 33" (extendable butt stock) Weight: 6.4lbs Weight fully loaded (30 round ma): 6.9 lbs Magazine capacity: 30 rounds Max range: 3534m Max effective range: (P) 500 m (A) 600m Muzzle velocity: 2900/fps |
| M4A1 Rates of Fire | Sustained: 12 to 15 rounds per minute Rapid: 150 to 200 rounds per minute Cyclic: 700 to 950 rounds per minute |
| M4A1 Ammo types | 5.56 X 45mm Ball: Standard round 5.56 X 45mm Tracer: Used to mark targets or cause incendiary effects 5.56 X 45mm Blank: Training round 5.56 X 45mm Dummy: Totally inert training |
| M16 A2E3 # in TOA AD/AE | FIE SLRP FIE OPP FIE AP FIE MP Total (individual TOA's add up to this) 160 Total (Overview TOA states this) |
| M-203 general information | Light weight Single shot Breech loaded Pump action Shoulder fired weapon Attaches to the M16 rifle Trigger guard safety. |
| M-203 Capabilities/Characteristics Length, Weight (empty, loaded), magazine capacity, max range, max effective range (point, Area), Muzzle velocity | Length of Launcher: 15 5/16 in Total weight unloaded: 3 lbs. Total weight loaded: 3.5 lbs. Total weight with M16: 11 lbs. Max range: 400m Max effective range (area target): (P) 150 m (A) 350m 250 ft/ sec |
| M-203 # in TOA AD/AE | FIE SLRP 1 FIE OPP 0 FIE AP 6 FIE MP 41 48 Total (individual TOA's add up to this) 40 Total (Overview TOA states this) |
| M-203 Ammo types | 40 mm X 46mm HE round -Designed to inflict personnel casualties. 5 m casualty, 30 m danger radius . Arms within 14m to 27m. HE air burst - Lands on the deck and bounces up 2 meters to explode. Arms within 14 m to 27 m. HEDP (Dual purpose) High explosive, can penetrate 2" of steel. 5 meter casualty radius TP - Training rounds with flash signature. Danger radius of 20 m. |
| M-500 general information | 12-gauge Shotgun-Manually Operated Single shot Magazine Fed (Tubular) Pump action Shoulder fired weapon Safeties: Safety switch on top (thumb) |
| M-500 Capabilities/Characteristics Length, Weight (empty, loaded), magazine capacity, max range, max effective range (point, Area), Muzzle velocity | Length: 39 in Weight unloaded 7.2 lbs Weight loaded 7.7 lbs magazine 5 max range, max eff (P, A) 50 m 1325 ft/ sec |
| M-500 Ammo type | 12 gauge, 2 - 2 ¾" in 00 buck, military round |
| M-500 # in TOA AD/AE | FIE SLRP 1 FIE OPP 0 FIE AP 3 FIE MP 20 24 Total (individual TOA's add up to this) 20 Total (Overview TOA states this) |
| Loading procedure of M203 | Press barrel latch and slide the barrel forward until the barrel stop is engaged Insert casing into chamber Slide barrel assembly sharply rearward until barrel locks Move safety rearward. |
| Loading procedure of 9mm pistol./ M-16 rifle | o Keep safety in "safe" position until ready to fire. o Keep muzzle down range and clear of all troops o Before loading, make sure bore, chamber, and ammunition are clean and dry. |
| State the 7 types of grenades. | Fragmentation, M-67 Illuminating, MK1 Chemical, ABC-M25A2 Incendiary, AN-M14 Smoke, M8, M15WP, M34WP Practice M57 Concussion MK3A2 |
| Characteristics of Fragmentation Grenade | M-67 Grenades designed to inflict personnel casualties and damage to light equipment effective casualty-producing radius is about 15 meters 4-5 second delay fuze |
| Characteristics of Illuminating Grenade | MK1 Once pin is pulled, GRENADE MUST BE THROWN! 55,000 candlepower for a period of 25 seconds Chemical, incendiary, screening, signaling, training, and riot control purposes |
| Characteristics of Incendiary Grenade | AN-M14 incendiary Thermite grenade is used to ignite combustible materials and to destroy all types of equipment. Burns for 40 seconds at 4300 F Can burn through 1/4" steel and weld together iron parts. |
| Characteristics of Chemical Grenade | Used for incendiary, screening, signaling, training, and riot control purposes ABC-M25A2, riot control hand grenade is the most commonly used, filled with CS gas. |
| Characteristics of Smoke Grenade | M8, M15WP, M34WP Grenades that are cylindrical in shape and weigh about 27 ounces. They can be thrown about 40 yards with an effective casualty radius of nearly 30 yards M8 Produces red, green, or yellow smoke of 1-1.5 minutes |
| Characteristics of Practice/training grenade | M57 Used to train personnel in the care, handling, and use of grenades prior to using actual service grenades. |
| Characteristics of a concussion grenade | MK3A2 designed to produce casualties during close combat while limiting danger to friendly personnel. Concussion, blasting and demolition tasks in confined spaces. Very effective against enemy soldiers in bunkers, buildings, and fortified areas. |
| Discuss hand grenade safety procedures | • All personnel handling casualty producing grenades must wear proper protection • Never attempt to defuse hand grenades • Do not remove the safety pin until ready to throw • Do not attach grenades to clothing or equipment. •Wait 5 minutes before approaching a dud •Wait 30 minutes before approaching a chemical grenade •Riot control grenades should not be thrown within 5 meters of personnel |
| Discuss the placement of the M18A1 Claymore mine | This mine should be positioned so as to afford all friendly personnel, within 100 meters to the rear and sides of the mine, the opportunity to take adequate cover. o Should be sighted on a point 8' high at a distance of 50 meters |
| Discuss the arming of the M18A1 Claymore mine | First open the blasting cap and unroll the wire from the firing position of the mine. The wire is secured by wrapping a few turns of wire around a leg of the mine and burying it, if possible. |
| Discuss the Safety of the M18A1 Claymore mine | Check the continuity of the circuit with test set Upper safe position blocks firing handle Lower fire position |
| Discuss the range of the M18A1 Claymore mine | 60 degree fan shaped pattern approximately 6 feet high and 50 meters wide to an optimum effective range of 50 meters Effective range 100 meters, max range 250 meters |
| Discuss the method of firing of the M18A1 Claymore mine | M57 firing device Electrical or non electrical firing system Controlled of uncontrolled (booby trap) Unauthorized for Seabee's. 50 meter wire behind mine, operator must have protection. |
| M240B general information | Air-cooled, Belt-fed, Gas-operated, Fully Automatic weapon, Fires from open bolt Position and is Crew served |
| M240B characteristics | Length................................49 inches Weight ...............................27.6 pounds |
| M240B Ammo type | 7.62X51 mm ball 7.62X51 mm tracer 7.62X51 mm armor-piercing (not authorized for training) 7.62X51 mm blank 7.62X51 mm dummy |
| M240 B range | Maximum range ................3,725 meters Area Tripod..........1,100 meters Bipod............800 meters Point Tripod...........800 meters Bipod............600 meters Suppression.1,800 meters |
| M240 B number in TOA AD/AE | 3 AD 21 AE 24 Total |
| M240 B rates of fire | Sustained 100 rounds per minute fired in 6- to 9-round bursts and 4 to 5 seconds between bursts (barrel change every 10 minutes) Rapid 200 rounds per minute fired in 10- to 13-round bursts and 2 to 3 seconds between bursts (barrel change every 2 minutes) Cyclic 650 to 950 rounds per minute in continuous bursts (barrel change every minute) |
| MK 19 general information | Air-cooled, Belt-fed, Blow-back operated, Automatic weapon, Fires from open bolt position and is crew-served |
| MK 19 characteristics | Weight 72.5 pounds (32.9 kg) Length 43.1 inches (1,090 mm) Barrel length 16.25 inches (413 mm) Width 13.4 inches (340 mm) |
| MK 19 Ammo type | M383 HE: High explosive, designed to inflict personnel casualties. Arming distance of 18 to 36 meters. 15 meter casualty radius M430 HEDP: High explosive, dual purpose M385E4 / M385A1: Training Practice with propellant. Maximum range 2200 meters |
| MK 19 range | Maximum - 2212 meters area target - 2212 meters point target - 1500 meters |
| MK 19 number in TOA AD/AE | 2 AD 4 AE 6 Total |
| MK 19 rates of fire | 325 to 375 rounds per minute |
| Define blow back operation | Mechanism consists of the bolt which rests against the base of the cartridge case and a recoil spring that is compressed by the kinetic energy of the bolt when it is thrown back in recoil. The spring drives the bolt forwards. |
| How many safeties on the MK 19 | 1, Thumb switch with "Safe" and "Fire" positions |
| Can MK 19 ammo be used in an M-203 | No, MK 19 ammo is 7 mm longer, M203 develops a lower chamber pressure |
| M-2 general information | Air-cooled, Belt-fed, Recoil-operated, Can be set for automatic or semi automatic fire, and is crew served |
| M-2 characteristics | Weight 83.8 127.9 lb with tripod and T&E Length 65.2 in Barrel length 45.0 in |
| M-2 Ammo type | M33 Ball for personnel and light material targets, M17 tracer, M8 API, armor-piercing incendiary (go into fuel tanks and light them. M20 API-T armor-piercing incendiary tracer M962 SLAP-T (Saboted Light Armor Penetrator , tracer) M903 SLAP (Saboted Light Armor Penetrator) Dummy |
| M-2 range | Maximum range - 6800 meters (M2 Ball) Maximum effective range - 1800 meters |
| M-2 number in TOA AD/AE | AD 2 AE 4 Total 6 |
| M-2 rates of fire | Sustained: 40 rounds (or less) per minute Rapid: 40 rounds (or more) per minute Cyclic: 450 - 550 rounds per minute |
| How many safeties on the M-2 | 0, The weapon has no safeties |
| What is required for .50 caliber ammunition to be classified as Armor Piercing | completely perforate 0.875" of hardened steel armor plate at a distance of 100 yards, and 0.75" at 547 yards (500 m) |
| Name the four types of positions that might be employed in a defensive posture | • Primary Fighting Position • Alternate Fighting Position • Supplementary Fighting Position • Battle Position |
| Define Primary Fighting Position | The primary fighting position is the best available position from which the assigned sector of fire can cover. Individuals, fire teams, squads, and crew-served weapons are assigned primary positions. |
| Define Alternate Fighting Position | Alternate positions are not normally assigned to individuals or squads within the platoon. They are used primarily by crew-served weapons. An alternate position is located so that a crew-served weapon can continue to cover the original assigned sector of fire when the primary position becomes unsuited for carrying out that mission. |
| Define Supplementary Fighting Position | Supplementary positions are prepared to guard against attack from directions other than those from which the main attack is expected. A supplementary position is a secondary position that does not cover the same sector of fire as the primary position. |
| Define Battle Position | The battle position is where the main effort of defense is concentrated. Companies and platoons are assigned battle positions. The battle position is made up of a series of sectors of fire that support and interlock one another |
| Name the members of a gun team and state what they are responsible for carrying into a combat situation | Team Leader Gunner Ammo 1 Ammo 2 |
| Responsibilities of CSW Team leader | Usually a PO2, responsible for effective employment of the gun Responsible for changing the barrels during firing Carries spare barrel kit, M122 tripod, one bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol |
| Responsibilities of CSW Gunner | Usually a PO3. Actually fires and maintains the gun Carries the gun, one bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol |
| Responsibilities of CSW Ammo 1 | Usually a CN, acts as the supply person for the team Caries one box of ammo, spare barrel case with T&E. Armed with an M16 |
| Responsibilities of CSW Ammo 2 | Usually a CA Carries two boxes of ammo. Armed with an M16 |
| Define Headspace of the M2 | • Head space Distance between the bolt face and the base of the seated cartridge. Correct when: Recoiling groups are fully forward , No independent rearward movement between the bolt, barrel and barrel extension Must be checked and set before the gun is fired, When barrel is replaced, When correct setting is in doubt |
| Define Timing of the M2 | Ensures that firing takes place when the recoiling parts are between .020 and .116 inches out of the battery (fully forward) Correct when: Recoiling parts are locked together, Firing takes place just before the recoiling parts are in the battery, The gun fires on the "FIRE" gauge and WILL NOT on the "NO-FIRE" gauge Must be checked and/or set each time headspace is adjusted and whenever timing is questionable |
| AT-4 general information | • Lightweight, Self contained anti-armor weapon, Man-portable, Right shoulder fired only • Free flight fin stabilized cartridge packed in an expendable launcher • One piece |
| AT-4 Characteristics | • Length - 40" • Weight - Fully loaded = 14.8 lbs |
| AT-4 Range | • Maximum range [p. 14-21] - 2100 Meters • Maximum effective range [p. 14-21] - 300 Meters |
| AT-4 TOA AD/AE | Supply orders per mission |
| AT-4 Safeties | -Transport Safety Pin: Blocks the movement of the firing pin and prevents it from striking the cartridge percussion cap -Cocking lever: When the cocking lever is in the SAFE position, there is no contact between the firing rod and the trigger. -Forward Safety: Prevents the firing rod from striking the firing pin. |
| AT-4 Ammunition | Tactical cartridge, 18" long, high explosive, anti-tank (HEAT) |
| AT-4 Min arming range | 10 Meters |
| Items on a range card | Weapons symbols, Magnetic Orientation Line, Sector limits, Grazing fire, Terrain features, location of friendlies, Targets, FPL, or PDF, dead space, |
| Define Rapid rate of fire | Greater than 40 rounds per minute, fired in bursts of six to nine rounds, at 5-10 second intervals. |
| Define Sustained rate of fire | The rate at which the weapon could reasonably be fired indefinitely without failing. |
| Define Cyclic rate of fire | This is the mechanical rate of fire, or how fast the weapon "cycles" (loads, locks, fires, unlocks, ejects). Measurement of the cyclic rate assumes that the weapon is being operated as fast as possible and does not consider operator reloading time (magazine changes etc). When the trigger is squeezed, the rate at which rounds are fired is the cyclic rate. |
| Define Grazing fire | Not less than 1m above and no higher than 68" above the ground. Can exist for 700m over level or evenly sloping ground |
| Define Plunging fire | Fire that strikes the ground from above at a considerable level. Beaten zone is considered the danger space. |
| Define Overhead fire | Fire delivered over the heads of troops. Usually plunging fire is overhead. (note grazing fire can be overhead fire if troops are in fighting positions) |
| Define Fixed fire | For targets requiring only one aiming point. Continuous as long as target remains in the zone of fire |
| Define Traversing fire | Distributed in width by changing the horizontal direction of the gun. Firing a burst each time the gun changes direction |
| Define Searching fire | Distributed in depth by changing the elevation of the gun. Used against deep targets, firing a burst each time elevation changes |
| Define searching and traversing fire | Distributed in width & depth by changing the elevation direction of the gun. |
| Define Swinging traverse fire | Delivered against targets to wide to cover the traversing hand wheel. Also used on targets moving so rapidly across the gunner's front they cannot maintain effective fire using the traversing hand wheel . CANNOT be fired from bipod or vehicles. |
| Define Free firing | Delivered from the tripod mount against targets requiring rapid and major changes in direction and elevation. Can also be used from a vehicle mount when the target cannot be covered adequately by aiming points. CANNOT be fired from bipod mount. |
| Define AN/PVS-7C | Night goggles, min range 9.8" |
| Define AN/PVS-11 | Pocket Scope |
| Define AN/PVS-12A | Night Vision Individual Weapon Sight System used on M240B, M16, M60, M14, able to focus from 82 feet to infinity, submersible up to 66 feet (2 atmospheres) of water |
| Define AN/PVS-20 | Night Vision Individual Weapon Sight System used on MK19, M2 |
| Describe the Barrel Rifling for the M4A1 /M16A3 Rifle | Right hand twist 1 twist / 7 inches |
| The elevation knob adjusts the point of aim for the M4 Rifle how much? | 300 to 600 meters |
| The elevation knob adjusts the point of aim for the M16A2 Rifle how much? | 300 to 800 meters |
| What are the four positions for the buttstock of the M4 Rifle? | 1. Closed 2. 1/2 Open 3. 3/4 Open 4. Full Open |
| Name the different categories of malfunctions for the M4/M16 Rifle. | 1. Failure to feed, chamber or lock 2. Failure to fire cartridge 3. Failure to Extract 4. Failure to Eject |
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