| Term | Definition |
|---|
| physical science | any science that analyzes the nature and properties of energy and non-living matter, including physics, chemistry, astronomy, and geology |
| matter | any substance that has mass and volume; substance that takes up space |
| density | the relationship between mass and volume; measured in mass per cubic distance (grams/centimeters^3) |
| formula for density | mass/volume |
| what are the three forms of matter | solids, liquids, and gases |
| solid phase of matter | matter has definite shape and volume |
| liquid phase of matter | matter has definite volume, but no definite shape. takes shape of it's container |
| gas phase of matter | no definite shape or volume, fill any container in which it is place, and will take shape of it |
| element | the simplest kind of matter, which cannot be broken down into other kinds of matter by other chemical means |
| examples of elements | gold, silver, lead, iron, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| atom | the smallest part of an element |
| mass spectrometer | a machine that gives information about rocks by telling the different masses of atoms contained in a sample and counting the number of atoms in each mass |
| atomic mass | the sum of the masses of the protons and the neutrons in an atom |
| mass of proton and neutron | one atomic mass unit |
| neutral atom | when an atom has the same number of positive charges (protons) and negative charges (electrons) |
| positive ion | when an atom has more protons than electrons |
| negitive ion | when an atom has more electrons than protons |
| compound | a substance made up of two or more chemically combined elements.when combined sometimes the elements lose their special properties |
| molecule | the smallest natrual unit of some elements and ALL compounds |
| what is a chemical formula | this tells what name and number of atoms of each element in a compound (ex: H2O, O2) |
| radical | a group of atoms that act as a charged unit |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| forms of energy | chemical, electrical, mechanical, heat, nuclear, light, and sound |
| chemical energy | energy stored in chemical that is released when the bons are broken e:burning of oil or gas |
| electrical energy | energy created when electrons move through a conductor |
| mechanical energy | the energy of moving things |
| heat energy | energy created when molecules are in motion ex:eruption volcanoes |
| nuclear energy | the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| light energy | energy that travels in a special patter ex:some of the suns energy |
| sound energy | energy produced by vibrating objects |
| magnetism | the force created by the attraction of unlike electrical charges between two substances. only materials containing the elements iron, nickel, and cobalt can have this |
| magnetic field | the area around the magnet that has a detectable magnetic force at every point in the region, and has magnetic poles ex: the earth, north and south poles |
| light | electromagnetic radiation that has a wave length ranging from 4,000 angstroms (violet) to 7,700 angstroms (red) may be perceived by the human eye |
| angstroms | what light is measured by |
| luminous objects | objects that produce light |
| illuminated objects | objects on which light shines |
| vibration | a rapid back and forth motion that creates sound |
| intensity | the loudness of a sound |
| pitch | the tone of a sound |
Combine with other sets
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