Ecology
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Created by:
marysuecaplinger on December 6, 2011
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48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 SPECIES | GROUP OF ORGANISMS THAT CAN MATE AND PRODUCE FERTILE OFFSPRING |
| POPULATION | GROUP OF SAME SPECIES IN AN AREA |
| COMMUNITY | ALL POPULATIONS IN SAME AREA |
| ECOSYSTEM | ALL BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS IN AN AREA |
| BIOME | AREA WITH THE SAME LATITUDE, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION |
| BIOSPHERE | ALL LIFE ON EARTH |
| ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION SMALLEST TO LARGEST | SPECIES POPULATION COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM BIOME BIOSPHERE |
| ABIOTIC FACTORS | NON-LIVING FACTORS, SOIL, SUNLIGHT, WATER, AIR |
| BIOTIC FACTORS | LIVING FACTORS, BACTERIA, PROTISTS, FUNGI, PLANTS, AND ANIMALS |
| NICHE | JOB AN ORGANISM DOES IN A COMMUNITY |
| HABITAT | WHERE AN ORGANISM LIVES |
| COMPETITION | TWO ORGANISMS OCCUPY THE SAME HABITAT AND NICHE |
| PRODUCER | AUTOTROPH |
| CONSUMER | HETEROTROPH |
| DECOMPOSERS | GREAT RECYCLERS, BIODEGRADE MATERIALS, BACTERIA AND FUNGI |
| SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP | LIVE TOGETHER |
| MUTUALISM | SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP, ORGANISMS HELPED, LICHEN, CLEANER FISH AND SHARK, NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA IN PLANT ROOTS |
| COMMENSALISM | SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP, ONE HELPED ONE UNAFFECTED, ORCHID IN A TREE, BARNACLES ON A WHALE |
| PARASITISM | SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP, ONE HELPED ONE HURT, HEARTWORM IN DOGS, VIRUS IN HUMANS |
| PREDATOR | HUNTER |
| PREY | HUNTED |
| HERBIVORE | PLANT-EATER |
| CARNIVORE | MEAT-EATER |
| OMNIVORE | PLANT AND MEAT EATER |
| TROPHIC LEVEL | FEEDING LEVEL |
| EXPONENTIAL POPULATION GROWTH | J-CURVE, STILL GROWING |
| LOGISTIC POPULATION GROWTH | S-CURVE, REACHED CARRYING CAPACITY |
| DENSITY-DEPENDENT LIMITING FACTORS | CLOSE PROXIMITY OF ORGANISMS IMPACTS ORGANISMS EX. DISEASE NATURAL RESOURCES, COMPETITION |
| DENSITY-INDEPENDENT LIMITING FACTORS | NOT DEPENDENT ON PROXIMITY, CLEAR CUTTING, DAMMING RIVERS, NATURAL DISASTERS |
| POPULATION GROWTH | INCREASED BIRTH RATE, IMMIGRATION |
| POPULATION DECREASES | INCREASED DEATH RATE, EMIGRATION |
| LICHEN | MUTUALISTIC SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALGAE AND A FUNGUS |
| PRIMARY SUCCESSION | GROWTH OF COMMUNITIES ON ROCK UNTIL A CLIMAX COMMUNITY IS REACHED, PIONEER SPECIES, LICHEN AND BACTERIA |
| SECONDARY SUCCESSION | GROWTH OF A COMMUNITY ON SOIL BEGINNING WITH WEEDS AND GRASSES |
| EUTROPHICATION | LAKE ENRICHED WITH NITROGEN FROM RUNOFF FROM AGRICULTURE, EXPERIENCES RAPID GROWTH, OXYGEN DEPLETION, AND FILLS IN SUCCEEDING TO A FOREST |
| TROPHIC LEVEL | FEEDING LEVEL |
| ENERGY PYRAMID | PRODUCERS AT BOTTOM OF PYRAMID BECAUSE THEY RECEIVE ENERGY FROM THE SUN WITH EACH LEVEL DECREASING IN ENERGY DUE TO METABOLISM USAGE BY LOWER LEVEL ORGANISMS |
| NITROGEN CYCLE | ORGANISMS CANNOT UTILIZE ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN SO BACTERIA IN SOIL AND PLANT ROOTS CONVERT NITROGEN INTO A USABLE FORM, ANIMALS GET NITROGEN BY EATING PLANTS |
| LEGUMES | MUTUALISTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BACTERIA AND PLANT ROOTS (SOY BEANS, PEANUTS) |
| CARBON CYCLE | PHOTOSYNTHESIS USES CARBON DIOXIDE AND MAKES OXYGEN NECESSARY FOR RESPIRATION, COMBUSTION, AND DECOMPOSITION |
| WATER CYCLE | EVAPORATION, TRANSPIRATION, AND RESPIRATION PUT WATER VAPOR INTO THE AIR WHERE IT COOLS, CONDENSES, AND FORMS PRECIPITATION THAT EITHER RUNS OFF OR BECOMES GROUNDWATER |
| GREENHOUSE EFFECT | CARBON DIOXIDE AND METHAN TRAP THE SUN'S ULTRAVIOLET RAYS IN THE STRATOSPHERE WARMING THE EARTH AND STABILIZING EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE |
| GLOBAL WARMING | INCREASE IN EARTH'S TEMPERATURE DUE TO INCREASE IN GREENHOUSE GASES BECAUSE OF BURNING FOSSIL FUELS |
| OZONE DEPLETION | DECREASE IN OZONE DUE TO INCREASE IN CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS |
| ACID RAIN | MIXING OF WATER WITH SULFUR OXIDES AND NITROGEN DIOXIDES FORMING SULFURIC ACID AND NITRIC ACIDS WHICH DECREASE THE PH OF PONDS |
| DEFORESTATION | CUTTING DOWN TREES CAUSING AN INCREASE IN CO2, A DECREASE IN O2 AND H20 VAPOR |
| BIOMAGNIFICATION/BIOACCUMULATION | INCREASE IN A CHEMICAL AS IT MOVES THROUGH THE FOOD CHAIN |
| CARRYING CAPACITY | MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SPECIES AN ENVIRONMENT CAN SUPPORT BASED ON LIMITING FACTORS |
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