| Term | Definition |
|---|
| substrate level phosphorylation | the transfer of a terminal phosphate from one substrate to ADP |
| oxidative phosphorylation | final step of cellular respiration. Chemiosmotic process where energy from a H+ gradient is used to power an ATP synthase. |
| Fermentation | if no 02 is present |
| Oxidative phosphorylation | if 02 is present |
| glycogenesis | extra glucose is stored in the form of glycogen; occurs mostly in liver and muscle cells |
| glycogenolysis | when glucose is needed between meals, glycogen is broken down into glucose that can undergo glycolysis |
| Lipogenesis | triglyceride synthesis resulting from nutrients that are not readily needed; occurs when blood glucose is high |
| lipolysis | the breakdown of fat; fills the fuel gap when carbohydrate intake is low |
| transamination | several amino acids can give its amine froup to a ketoglutaric acid, thus the AA becomes a keto acid & th ketoglutaric acid becomes an AA |
| Oxidative deamination | glutamic acid loses amine group to yield ammonia and ketoglutaric acid. The ammonia combines with CO2 to yield urea and water |
| keto acid modification | allows the keto acids to be converted to glucose or serve as an intermediates in the Kreb's cycle |
| protein synthesis | amino acids are used in the body to create all the body's proteins |
| absorptive state | glucose is abundant and extra nutrients are stored |
| postabsorptive state | stores are mobilized to maintain the proper blood concentrations of nutrients |
| Liver | stores glycogen under excess glucose conditions; releases glucose when needed; principle site for gluconeogenesis |
| adipose | primary energy storage site; regulates fatty acid levels |
| muscle | primary site of amino acid storage; major energy user |
Combine with other sets
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