1.
2 phrases that can describe the cell membrane is: selectively permeable or semi-permeable
2.
a bilayer is formed when: the phospholipids come in contact with the watery environment of the cell (cytoplasm)
3.
a model of what the cell membrane is called the: fluid mosaic model
4.
active transport: movement of particles from a low to high concentration
5.
active transport _______ energy: requires
6.
active transport uses a: membrane protein
7.
bilayer: 2 lines of phospholipids
8.
carbohydrates act as an: identification marker
9.
Carbohydrates are found: attached to the outside of the cell membrane
10.
carbohydrates identify: the type of cell and self
11.
cell membrane functions: separates cell from outside environment; determines what will enter/leave the cell
12.
cholesterol is found: in between phospholipids
13.
cholesterol is made in the: smooth ER
14.
cholesterol keeps the phospholipids from: packing too closely when temperatures are cold, which prevents freezing in the membrane
15.
diffusion: movement from high concentration to low concentration until dynamic equilibrium is reached
16.
diffusion _______ energy: doesn't require
17.
diffusion is made faster by: heat, bigger concentration difference, increased surface area
18.
dynamic equilibrium: caused by random molecular motion caused by collision.
19.
endocytosis: taking in a particle by a cell wrapping a membrane around it
20.
exocytosis: removal substance from a cell by vesicle fusing with membrane and releasing it
21.
facilitated diffusion: movement of particles through a cell membrane from high to low concentration with the help of an integral protein
22.
facilitated diffusion ___________ energy: doesn't require
23.
facilitated diffusion is _____ than diffusion: faster
24.
hypertonic solution: more solute, less water when compared to another solution
25.
hypotonic solution: less solute, more water when compared to another solution
26.
integral proteins: embedded in the membrane and span across the entire width
27.
isotonic solution: equal solute (equal water)
28.
majority of the cell membrane is made up of: phospholipids
29.
movement of water depends on: solute concentration
30.
osmosis: diffusion of water through a cell membrane from high to low concentration
31.
osmosis ________ energy: doesn't require
32.
other molecules that are part of the cell membrane: proteins, cholesterol and attached carbs
33.
peripheral proteins: attached to one side of the membrane
34.
phagocytosis: endocytosis of a solid
35.
phospholipids have a: head and tail
36.
pinocytosis: endocytosis of a liquid
37.
the head contains oxygen atoms, making them: polar and hydrophilic (water liking)
38.
the heads face the: outsides of the cell in one layer and the inside of the cell in the second layer
39.
the phospholipid head is made of: glycerol and phosphate
40.
the phospholipid tail is: non-polar and hydrophobic (water avoiding)
41.
the phospholipid tail is made of: 2 fatty acids
42.
the tails face: inwards towards each other
