World Civ 6.3 and 6.4
About this set
Created by:
mala011 on December 7, 2011
Description:
The Roman Achievement and The Rise of Christianity
***********ALL FINISHED :)
Classes:
Coolest Group Ever, Pine Crest group, the peeps, 8th grade at pc only, PC 6th Grade Cool Club, Cheer=Mylife=Annabel (see more)
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
129 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 greco-roman civilization | the blend of greek, roman, and hellenistic traditions |
| virgil | male poet who wrote the aeneid (an epic poem). in aeneid he tried to show that rome's past was as heroic as greece's past |
| aeneid | an epic poem that showed that rome's past was as heroic as greece's past |
| livy | male historian who sought to rouse patriotic feeling and to restore customary roman virtues by reminding people about Rome's historic past using images. he recounted tales like cincinnatus and horatius |
| pantheon | temple in honor of all the gods that is still in rome today. |
| galen | greek doctor who advanced the frontiers of medical science by insisting on experiments to prove a conclusion. He compiled a medical encyclopedia that summarized what was known at that time. It continued to be a standard text for more than 1,000 years. |
| civil law | was a system of law that applied to its citizens. They were developed during the republic. It fostered unity and stability. As Rome expanded, it ruled many foreigners who were not covered under the it, so law of nations emerged. |
| law of nations | emerged after the Civil Law. It applied to all people under Roman rule - citizens or non-citizens. The Law of Nations fostered unity and stability. later, when rome extended citizenship across the empire, both systems emerged. |
| satirize | to make fun of (roman society) |
| mosaic | a picture made from chips of colored stone or glass |
| engineering | application of science and mathematics to develop useful structures and machines |
| aqueduct | (in ancient Rome) a bridge-like stone structure that carried water from the hills into the cities |
| Cicero | philosopher, politician, defender of the law, critical of Julius Caesar |
| roman civilization | blended greek, hellenistic, and roman achievement |
| romans | absorbed ideas from the greeks in the south |
| true | true or false: to the romans, the greeks were the hieght of cultural achievement |
| romans | who adapted greek and hellenistic achievements? |
| trade | ___ and travel spread ideas throughout empire |
| false: the romans owe debt to greeks | true or false: the greeks owe debt to romans |
| true | true or false: many romans spoke greek |
| latin | the greatest roman writers wrote in ___ |
| virgil | wrote aeneid (epic poem) |
| aeneid | wrote during augustus's time |
| aeneid | liked to homer's Iliad to connect romans to the greeks and to the gods |
| aeneid | wrote to arouse patriotism |
| satire | poets used verse to ___ roman society |
| horace | ___ satire: gentle and playful |
| juvenal and martial | ___ and ___ satire: more biting, harsh (sometimes they were so harsh they had to use fictional names to protect themselves) |
| themes | popular ___: the rise and fall of roman power |
| livy | historian who recounted tales of heroes like cincinnatus and horatius |
| hadrian | emperor at the time that the pantheon was built |
| Tacitus | wrote bitterly about augustus and his successors |
| Tacitus | felt that augustus and his successors had destroyed roman liberty |
| tacitus | admired germans who lived on the northern frontier of rome and would later invade the empire |
| philosophy | romans borrowed ___ from the greeks |
| stoicism | hellenistic philosophy that impressed roman thinkers (like marcus aurelius) |
| sotics | stressed importance of duty and acceptance of one's fate; also showed concern for the well-being of all people (reflected in christian teachings) |
| art and architecture | based on greek and etruscan models |
| art and architecture | adapted to develop their own style |
| realism | sculptors stressed ___ ***portraying subjects with every wart and vein in place ***broke new ground - revealing and individualism character |
| idealistic | sculptures were more ___ ***Ex: sculptures transformed Augustus to make into a symbol of power and leadership (he wasn't handsome or imposing) |
| art | homes were beautified with ___ ***Ex: Pompeii - lots of art preserved ***Portrayed scenes from Roman Literature and daily life in frescoes and mosaics |
| architecture | aimed for simple elegance and emphasized gradeur |
| monuments | ___ to roman power and dignity: palaces, temples, and stadiums (used concrete and developed dome to roof large places) |
| pantheon | most famous monument (temple to all gods) |
| engineering | what did the romans excel in? |
| engineering | applies to science and mathematics to develop useful structures and machines |
| aqueducts | the romans built many ___ to carry water around the city |
| scientific | what kind of research did the romans leave to the greeks? |
| ptolemy | proposed theory that the earth was the center of the universe (mistaken, but that concept was accepted for 1,500 years after) |
| galen | complied a medical encyclopedia that summarized what was known at the time (remained a standard text for more than 1,000 years |
| research, practical | romans did little ___, but they put science to ___ use. |
| geography | what did they apply to make maps? |
| medical knowledge | what did they apply to help doctors improve public health? |
| encyclopedias | like galen, they collected knowledge into ____________ |
| pliny the elder | *Roman Scientist *Compiled volumes on geography, zoology, botany, and other topics, all based on other people's works |
| legacy | the greatest ___ of rome was to commit to law and justice |
| true | true or false: rule of law fostered unity and stability |
| europe, latin america | Laws would become basis for legal systems in ___ and ___ ___ |
| principles (familiar to americans today) | -Innocent until proven guilty -Accused was allowed to face accuser and offer a defense against the charge -guilt had to be established "clearer than daylight" through evidence -Judges were allowed to interpret the laws and were expected to make fair decisions |
| mythology, judiasm, christianity | three religions of the early pax romana |
| cult of isis, mithraism | two mystery religions |
| honoring roman gods, acknowledging the divine spirit of the emperor | two criteria needed for religious tolerance by the romans |
| judea | where did the jews live? |
| they absorbed greek customs and ideas. concerned about weakening of their religions. | what happened in the jewish communities during the hellenistic age? |
| rejected influences and called for strict obedience to jewish laws and traditions | how did the jews prevent the weakening of their religion? |
| zealot | jews not willing to live under Roman rule |
| (1) revolt against rome (2) reestablish an indpendent state | name two ideas that the zealots encouraged within the jewish community. |
| messiah | anointed king sent by God |
| to lead the Jewish people to freedom | what did the jews expect from a messiah? |
| romans crushed the jewish rebellion, romans captured jerusalem and destroyed jewish temple, romans leveled jerusalem, and thousands of jews were killed | what happened in the great revolt of 66ad? |
| left judea and went to scattered communities around the Mediterranean | where did the jews go after the revolt? |
| rabbis | jewish scholars that extended and preserved the jewish law (as set forth in the Talmud). |
| Jesus from Nazareth | who was the founder of the new religion of christianity? |
| from the gospels, the first four books in the New Testament of the Bible | how did future generations learn about the life of jesus? |
| gospel | good news, the first four books in the new testament of the bible |
| Bethlehem (about 4 BC) | where was jesus born? |
| Nazareth | where did jesus grow up? |
| judiasm | which religion did jesus follow? |
| thirty | what age did jesus begin preaching? |
| apostle | a leader or teacher of a new faith or movement (jesus had twelve) |
| peter | name the most important apostle |
| peter | crucified upside-down, bishop - but not a bishop of rome |
| parable | short story with a simple moral lesson |
| one | jesus believed in ___ god(s) |
| ten commandments/jewish religion | jesus followed the ___ ___/___ ___ |
| obedience to the laws of Moses | what did jesus preach? |
| two new beliefs | (1) called himself the son of god (2) was the messiah |
| jesus's mission | ___'s mission: to bring spiritual salvation and eternal life to anyone who believed in him |
| three major responsibilities of the people (according to jesus) | (1) love the lord god with all your heart (2) love your neighbor as yourself (3) love your enemies (like forgiveness) |
| two ways jews viewed jesus | (1) a savior and welcomed him (2) dangerous troublemaker or thought that he was challenging the priests' leadership |
| romans, roman | how ___ viewed jesus revolutionary who might lead the jews in a rebellion against ___ rule |
| crucifixion | how did jesus die? |
| yes but they believe he rose from the dead to command his apostles then ascended to heaven | do christians believe that jesus died? explain. (there are two answers the other one is: no, they believed that he rose from the dead to command his disciples to spread his teachings, then rose to heaven) |
| christian | a follower of Jesus is known as a... |
| the jews (of judea) | the apostles first preached to which group of people? |
| christ (cristos) | the messiah - ___ means the anointed one in greek |
| non-jews (Mesopotamia, Rome), and jews | who did the disciple paul preach to? |
| letter (by paul) | what is an epistle? |
| two ideas paul emphasized in his epistles | (1) jesus had sacrificed his life out of love for humankind (2) if you believed that jesus was the son of god, and followed his teachings you would achieve salvation, or eternal life. |
| no they thought it was disloyal to rome (ESPECIALLY nero) | did the romans tolerate christianity? |
| nero | which emperor persecuted the christians |
| scapegoat | person, group, or thing forced to take the blame for crimes or mistakes of others; in rome, the christians |
| martyr | person who suffers or dies for his or her beliefs, gives up life for cause |
| peter and paul | which two important christians were killed by nero? |
| jesus welcomed all people and they found comfort in his message of love | why did christianity continue to spread among the people? |
| constantine | which emperor ended the persecution of the christians |
| Edict of Milan | granted freedom of worship to all citizens of the roman empire |
| theodosius | which emperor made christianity the state religion of rome? he also stopped the olympics and banned all pagan worship |
| renounce evil in the rite of baptism | what did the christians have to do to fully join the christian community |
| forgives sins by the grace of god | what does baptism do |
| sunday | on what day do the christians worship? |
| eucharist | a sacred meal in which bread was eaten and wine was drank. |
| they could serve as teachers or administrators - they were equal | why did christianity appeal to women? |
| priests, bishop, patriarch | three clergy positions of the early christian church (lowest-ranking to highest-ranking) |
| diocese | several churches, district or region under the care of a bishop |
| rome (only one in west), antioch, alexandria, jerusalem, constantinople | name the five patriarchal cities the highest ranking bishop becomes pope |
| patriarch then pope | bishops of rome became known as... |
| in the latin-speaking west, bishops who came to become popes began to claim greater authority over other patriarchs. in the greek-speaking east, they felt that patriarchs should share authority as equals | describe the dispute between the latin-speaking west and the greek-speaking east |
| heresies/heresy | religious beliefs that are contrary to the officials teachings of a church |
| councils of church leaders met to decide official christian teachings. they also sent out missionaries within the roman empire and beyond to convert people to Christianity. | how did the christians end disputes over questions of faith? |
| theology | the word ___ was borrowed from greek philosophy and means talk or discourse about god |
| clement, origen, and Augustine | three great scholars of the early christian church |
| augustine's accomplishments | greatest church scholar, bishop of hippo in north africa, combined greco-roman learning with christian doctrine. he wrote the city of god in 940. |
| origen | on prayer and on first principles are 2 accomplishments, lived and worked as a teacher in the egyptian city of alexandria, wrote in greek |
| clement | lived and worked as a teacher in Alexandria (Egyptian city) which was a major center of learning |
| council at Nicaea | Occurred under the rule of Constantine 1. Collected books of Gospel to create the Old and New Testaments of the Bible 2. Created the Nicene Creed or Apostle's Creed Prayer affirming beliefs 3. Established the central belief of Christianity ****The Doctrine of the Trinity Three persons in one God. |
| Wailing Wall | only the ___ ___ (western wall) remained after the great revolt (most sacred place in jerusalem) |
| augustine | talked about city of god live a good life and you'll be in god's city in heaven if you don't live a good life you'll live outside the city of god |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.