Pharm Final Pulmonary and Diabetes
About this set
Created by:
cesarinopa on December 7, 2011
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Clinical hallmarks of asthma | Recurrent episodic bouts of cough shortness of breat thightness wheeze |
| Short acting beta adrenergic agonists | Rescue agents, no anti-inflammatory effects Duration of action: 4 to 6 hours Albuterol Pirbuterol Terbutaline |
| Long acting beta adrenergic agonists | Slow onset of action Salmeterol xinoate Formoterol fumarate Levalbuterol |
| Systemic Glucocorticoids | reduce the need for systemic corticoids, but must be taken continuously to be effective decrease the number and activity of cells incolced in airway inflammation reduce production of inflammatory cytokines |
| Adverse effects of Systemic Glucocorticoids | candidiasis osteoporosis cataracts headache pharyngitis |
| Inhaled Steroids | Flunisolide Mometasone Fluticasone Budesonide Beclomethasone |
| Mast Cell Inhibitors | Inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells Prevention not treatment |
| Cholinergic Antagonists | Ipratropium, Tiotropium, Theophylline |
| Ipratropium | Derivative of atropine slow onset of action minimal side effects not used in children |
| Tiotropium | Dry powder in caps for inhalation long term maintenance treatment of bronchospasm due to chronic bronchitis and emphysema not used in children not used in acute attacks |
| Theophylline | broncho dilator that relieves airflow obstruction in chronic asthma direct bronchodilator with some anti inflammatory activity sustained release forms narrow therapeutic index, toxicity may cause seizures or fatal arrythmias inotropic and chronotropic effects dilation of cascular smooth muscle and contriction of cerebral vessels |
| Anti-leukotrine drugs | Zafirlukast and Montelukast Reversible inhibitors of the cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor Effective in the prophylactic treatment of asthma |
| Antihistamines | Used to treat sneezing and watery rhinorrhea associated with allergic rhinitis end in -ine |
| Alpha-adrenergic agonists | Constrict arterioles in the nasal mucosa and reduce airway resistance Chronic use can cause rebound nasal congestion |
| Corticosteroids | nasal sprays minimal side effects belcomethasone, fluticasone, flunisolide, triamcinolone, mometasone, budesonide |
| Anticholinergics | Ipratropium |
| Ipratoprium | Nasal spray indicated for rhinorrhea associated with alergic and non allergic perennial rhinitis or the common cold Use with CAUTION in glaucoma and pregnancy dry mouth and throat |
| Cromolyn | Mast cell stabilizer prevention and relief of nasal allergy symptoms CAUTION in pregnancy and nursing mothers stinging and sneezing |
| Dextromethorphan | Most frequently used OTC antitussive no potential for dependence |
| Narcotic antitussives | codeine and hydrocodone |
| Guaifenesin | Most effective expectorant very little side effects |
| Acetylcystine | mucolytic directly loosen thick viscus bronchial secretions antidote for acetaminophen poisoning |
| Adverse effects of insulin | hypoglycemia lipodystrophy allergic reactions hypokalemia edema |
| Humulin R, Novolin R | Regular insulin preparation only insulin for IV Onset- 30 minutes Peak- 2-4 hours Duration 6-8 hours |
| Lispro | more rapid absorption after SC injection than regular insulin 15 mins prior to meals Onset- 15 minutes Peak- 60 minutes Duration- 3.5-4.5 hours not normally used alone |
| Insulin Aspart (Novolog) | Onset- 15 minutes Peak- 1-3 hours Duration- 3-5 hours Combinations |
| Iophane insulin suspension (Humulin N) | intermediate action insulin preparations only used SC most common in treating type 2 suspension of crystalline zinc insulin combined at neutral pH with the positively charged polypeptide protamine Onset- 1-2 hours Peak- 6-12 hours Duration- 18-24 hours |
| Insulin Isophane Suspension (Novolin N) | Recombinant using S. cerevisiae Onset- 1.5 hours Peak- 4-12 hours Duration- 24 hours |
| Peakless Insulin | Insulin Glargine (Lantus) Insulin Detemir (Levemir) |
| Sulfonylureas | Stimulate insulin release Glyburide Glipizide Glimepiride |
| Biguanides | Metformin Decrease hepatic glucose output inhibits gluconeogenesis should be taken with food |
| Acarbose (Precose) | Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor decreases absorption of starch and disaccharides |
| Repaglinide (Prandin) | Causes release of insulin from beta cells secretagogue |
| Nateglinide (Starlix) | Amino acid deriviative insulin secretagogue onset- 20 minutes duration- 4 hours works well with metformin |
| Thiazolidinediones | Prioglitazone insulin sensitizer promote muscle utilization of glucose reduce hepatic output of glucose |
| Sitagliptin (Januvia) | Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor adjunct to diet and exercise in type 2 |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.