History Test on Judaism
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The Geographic Setting of the Levant | -located in present day Lebanon, Israel, and Syria -large variations in climate and landscape -grazing land encouraged pastoral, nomadic life -proximity to sea encouraged maritime activity -something of a buffer zone between Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Anatolia (DIVERSITY) |
| The Peoples of the Levant Region | -populated by semitic-speaking, semi-nomadic peoples from c. 2500 BCE -"sea peoples"same as those who invaded Egypt, c.1200 BCE |
| Canaanites | umbrella term used to describe peoples of the region |
| Phoenicians | sea fares in north |
| Israelites | semi-nomadic shepards |
| Philistines | indo-europeans in s.w., possibly invaders |
| Polytheistic Region | -many deities corresponded with those of mesopotamia -egyptian influence:grave goods, belief in departing soul -city states and tribes adopted patron deities -ritual human sacrifice to Ba al Hammon(god of war) and Molech(god of fire) |
| origins of judaism | -judaism is the 1st persistently monotheistic religion in the west -grew out of the polytheistic traditions of Mesopotamia and the levant, e.g. flood story, insistence on ritual fulfillment and sacrifice -focus on Yaweh as the one and only god debate over Yaweh's origins(anaanite god or desert nomad god?) |
| Formation of Israel | -judaism inextricably tied to Israelites -1st record of Israelites from c 1200 BCE (Egyptian Merneptah Stele) -no archaeological record of Israelites before c. 1100 BCE -likely pastoral nomads -earliest settlements use canaanite language, pottery, and ritual |
| The Israelite Kingdom | -from c. 1200 israelites were loosely confederated in the south levant(little groupings no city states) -military pressure, especially from the Philistines, led to unify as a monarchy under Saul, c1020 -david expels Philistines, establishes jerusalem as capital city, c. 1000 BCE -Son Solomon establishes the Temple, standardizes Jewish practice |
| Temple | a place where god is to be worshipped, revolves around the temple, practice is standardized |
| Formation of Torah | -the Torah is the foundational books of the Hebrew bible -Torah describes Yaweh's relationship to the Israelites and the guidelines of the Covenant -"Documentary Hypothesis": oral tradition consolidated into separate texts, edited and redacted between 800 and 500 BCE -earliest surviving texts from c. 150 BCE (dead sea scrolls and greek septuagiht) |
| Contents of Torah | -Genesis: describes how the world was formed and how the israelites came to be -Exodus: Yaweh establishes the covenant through Moses, who led the Israelites out of Egypt -Leviticus: prescribes guidelines for worship and moral conduct -Numbers: describes the journey of the Israelites from Sinai to Canaan -Deuteronomy: Moses proclaims a second set of laws to the Israelites |
| Himalayas | -separate the indian sub continent with rest of Asia |
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