Chapter 4 Key Terms
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Created by:
love2RUNxc on December 7, 2011
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Autosomes | a chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex |
| Binary fission | form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring |
| Cancer | a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth |
| Cell cycle | repeating five-phase sequence of eukaryotic cell growth and division |
| Centromere | region joining two chromatids |
| Chromatids | on pair of strands of DNA that make up a chromosome during meiosis or mitosis |
| Chromosome | structure made of DNA and associated proteins on which genes are located |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm to form two separate cells |
| Diploid | term used to indicate a cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent |
| Gametes | haploid cell that participates in fertilization by fusing with another haploid cell |
| Gene | section of a chromosome that codes for a protein or RNA molecule |
| Haploid | having only one set of chromosomes |
| Homologous chromosomes | a member of a chromosome pair; both of which are similar in shape, size, and the genes they carry |
| Interphase | period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions of a eukaryotic cell during which a eukaryotic cell during which the cell carries out routine functioning, copies its DNA, and prepares to divide |
| Karyotype | array of the chromosomes found in an individual's cell arranged in order of size and shape |
| Mitosis | process during cell division in which the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei, each with the same number and kind of chromosomes |
| Sex chromosomes | one pair of a pair of chromosomes that are involved in determining the sex of an individual |
| Spindles | structure composed centrioles and individual hollow protein fibers that moves chromosomes apart during cell division |
| Zygote | fertilized egg cell |
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