| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances, can be found on the PTOE (Cu, H, Mg, Ca) |
| Compound | Two or more elements chemically combined (water - H2O, salt, sugar) |
| Heterogeneous | Mixture in which the substances are not mixed evenly throughout (any substance that won't evenly mix) |
| Homogeneous | Mixture in which the substances are mixed evenly throughout (Pure Substances - Elements, compounds, and solutions like salt water and sugar water. NOT: Sandy water or milk) |
| Solution | Homogeneous mixture in which the particles are so small they cannot be seen with a microscope, remain permanently mixed (salt water and sugar water) |
| Suspension | Heterogeneous mixture, in which the visible particles suspended in the fluid will eventually settle out when not mixed (sandy water) |
| Colloid | Heterogeneous mixture that never settles, particles are large enough to scatter light but not large enough to see (milk, NOT sandy water) |
| Immiscible | Liquids that will not dissolve in each other (Oil and water - two liquids that won't mix, some types of salad dressing) |
| Electrolyte | Conducts electricity, created when ions are dissolved in water (salt water - salt is an ion) |
| Tincture | Solution in which alcohol is the solvent (salt or sugar and alcohol) |
| Aqueous | Solution in which water is the solvent (anything dissolved in water) |
| Insoluble | Two substances that will not dissolve in each other (sand and water, copper and water - or either in alcohol) |
| Unsaturated | The solvent is not full of solute; when more solute is added, it will dissolve (adding a little bit of salt to water) |
| Saturated | The solvent is full of solute; if more solute is added it will not dissolve, it will sink to the bottom (adding enough salt to water that some settles and never dissolves) |
| Physical Property | A property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the matter's identity (density, color, hardness) |
| Physical Change | A change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties (solid to liquid) |
| Chemical Property | A property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions |
| Chemical Change | Happens when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties |
| Synthesis Reaction | A + B --- AB |
| Decomposition Reaction | AB --- A + B |
| Single Replacement | AB + C --- AC + B |
| Double Replacement | AB + CD --- AC + BD |
| Acid | Any substance that produces H+ (hydrogen ions) |
| Base | Any substance that produces OH- (hydroxide ions) |
| Neutralization Reaction | The reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and salt |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace