Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 van der waals forces | dipole-dipole interaction, hydrogen bonding, london dispersion forces |
| T/F: chemical bonds are stronger than intermolecular bonds | T |
| intramolecular forces | attractive forces WITHIN molecules that we call covalent bonds; create CHEMICAL properties |
| intermolecular forces | forces that exist BETWEEN molecules; responsible for PHYSICAL properties |
| T/F: the physical STATE of a substance depends largely on the balance between the KINETIC ENERGIES of the particles and the ATTRACTIVE FORCES between the particles | T |
| particles of gas | total disorder; much empty space; particles have complete freedom of motion; particles far apart |
| particles of liquid | disorder; particles or clusters of particles are free to move relative to each other; particles close together |
| particles of solid | ordered arrangement; particles in fixed positions; particles close together |
| dipole-dipole forces | exist between neutral polar molecules in the liquid or solid state (permanent) |
| london dispersion forces | result of attractions between induced dipoles; still have attractive force because they form liquids and solids; increase in atomic size and molecular weight (instantaneous) |
| hydrogen bonding | strong form of a dipole-dipole force that exists only with F, O, N |
| if two molecules are of comparable size and shape... | dipole dominates |
| if one molecule is much larger than another | dispersion dominates |
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