midterm history terms
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70 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mud Brick | The material ancient civilizations use to build buildings |
| empire | group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government. |
| epic | Long peom that tells about legendary or herioc deeds. |
| Artifacts | weapon, tool, or other item made by humans |
| paleolithic | Old stone age. The first nomads. Began around 2.5 million years ago |
| Neolithic | The time where the Ice age ended. They farmed and domesticated; settled. |
| Stone age | The early period of human history |
| irrigation | method of bringing water to a feild from another place to water crops. |
| papyrus | a reed plant of the Nile River used to form/ make paper. used to make baskets, sandals, and river rafts. |
| pharoah | all powerful king in ancient egypt. Lived with the families in great palces. Originally pharoah means great house. |
| pyramid | huge stone structure built by ancient egyptians to serve as a tomb |
| ziggurat | Grand temple in city-states that means mountain of god or hill of heaven. Made in Sumer |
| fossils | the trace or imprint of a plant that has been preserved in rock. |
| nomads | A person who regularly moves from place to place |
| Scribe | record keeper |
| Artisans | Skilled crafts person |
| historians | person who studies and writes about human past. |
| archeologists | scientist who learn about past humans life by studying fossils or artifacts |
| anthroplogists | scientists who study physical characteristics of cultures of humans and their ancestors |
| bronze | a dark yellow-brown alloy of copper and tin |
| ice age | long periods of extreme cold |
| Caravan | group of traveling merchants and animals |
| domestication | to tame animals and plants for humans |
| specialization | the development of different kinds of jobs |
| hereditary | comes from your family particularly your parents |
| tribute | payment made by one group or nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection |
| mummy | body that has enbalmed and wrapped in linen. Used by Egyptians |
| embalming | process developed by the ancient Egyptians of preserving a person's body after death. |
| Diaspora | refers to the scattering of the Jews outside their homeland after Babylonian captivity |
| pharaoh | egyptian kings |
| dynasty | line of rulers from the same family |
| citizenship | the status of a citizen with rights and duties |
| torah | laws that moses recieved from god on top of Mt. Sinai |
| rule-of-law | this is an idea that law should apply to everyone equally |
| Israel | the concept or a country |
| Covenant | aggrement with god in which God promised to return the Isrealites to Canaan if they fowllowed his laws |
| Kosher | food prepared acordingto Jewish dietary laws,animals used for this must be killedina special way. THey must be inspected,salted, and soaked. Jewish people must not use mily with meat. |
| Talmud | ancient israelites writings |
| Prophet | a person who the ancient israelites thought was instructed by god |
| Pharisees | Jews from Judea consisting of citizens of all classes; liberal and sought to study the applications of Torah to everyday life |
| Empire | group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government |
| Proverbs | wise sayings |
| exile | period of forcedabsence from one's country or home |
| sabbath | weekly day of worshop and rest for jews |
| synagogue | jewish house of worship |
| rabbi | jewish leader and teacher of the torah |
| messiah | deliverer sent by god |
| specialization | the development of different kinds of jobs |
| city-state | independent state made up of a city and the surroundings land and villages |
| cuneiform | sumerian system of writing made up of wedged-shaped writings |
| province | political district |
| caravan | drop of traveling merchants and animals |
| hieroglyphics | system of writ in made up of thousands of a picture symbols developed by ancient Egyptians |
| delta | area of fertile soil at the mouth of a river |
| deity | god or goddess |
| polytheism | the belief in many gods |
| monotheism | the belief in one god |
| sanskrit | written language developed by the arryans |
| raja | a prince who led an aryan tribe to india |
| karma | in hinduism the good or bad energy a person who builds up based upon whether he or she lives a good or bad life |
| vedas | sacred writings |
| Caste | social group thath a person is born into and cannot change |
| dharma | in hinduism, the divine law that requires people to perform the duites of the caste |
| guru | religous teacher and spiritual guide in hinduism |
| upanishad | a sacred texts telling Hindism fowlowers to how to reach Brahman |
| reincarnation | rebirth of teh soul or sprit in diferent bodies over time |
| monsoon | in south asia a strong wind that blows one direction in winter and the oppsoite direction in summer |
| tin | a type of metal used to store things |
| copper | a type of metal traded |
| iron | a type of metal traded |
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