| Term | Definition |
| The Cold War | State of Tension between nations without actually fighting |
| Truman Doctrine | the U.S. pledged to help nations threatened by communist expansion |
| Marshall Plan | between 1948 - 1952 the plan provided more than $12 billion in aid to Western European nations |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| Warsaw Pact | In 1955 the Soviet Union formed their own military alliance |
| Arms Race | The Soviet Union and U.S. built up its supply of missiles and atomic weapons |
| Sputnik | In 1957, a Soviet rocket launched the world's first artificial satellite |
| The Berlin Airlift | Truman airlifted supplies into West Germany because of a Soviet blockade |
| Emerging Nations | Philippines, India, Southeast Asia, and Africa |
| 38th Parallel | Dividing line between North and South Korea |
| GI Bill of Rights | Federal government spent billions of dollars to help veterans set up farms and businesses |
| Taft Hartley Act | In 1947, Congressed voted to allow a court order of 80 days to delay a strike |
| Closed Shop | Part of the Taft Hartley Act that banned a company from hiring only union members |
| The Fair Deal | In the Election of 1948, Truman proposed a broad package of reforms |
| Thomas Dewey | A republican from New York that ran against Truman in the 1948 election |