Zoology Final Ch16
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mollusks | invertebrates with soft unsegmented bodies that usually have shells including snails, octopuses, and squid |
| Coelom | a cavity in the mesoderm of an embryo that gives rise in humans to the pleural cavity and pericardial cavity and peritoneal cavity |
| Mesoderm | middle germ layer of most animals; gives rise to muscles and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems |
| Mollusks are found? | In marine water, freshwater, brackish water, and on land |
| Most abundant and widespread molluscs | Snails and their relatives in class gastropoda |
| Visceral mass | The central section of a mollusk's body that contains the mollusk's organs |
| Head-foot | region that contains feeding, cephalic, sensory, and locomotor organs |
| Radula | Rasping protrusive tonge like organ unique to mollusks . It is used for feeding an consists of ribbonlike membrane on which tiny teeth are located. |
| Radula function | Raspbfine particles of food from hard surfaces and serve as a conveyor belt for carrying particles in a continous stream toward the digestive tract |
| Odontophore | ..., A structure at the base of the mouth of most mollusks over which the radula is drawn back and forth in breaking up food. |
| Periostracum | outer organic layer of the mollusc shell protecting underlying calcerous layers from erosion |
| Prismatic layer | The middle layer of the mollusk shell, composed of calcium carbonate |
| Nacreous layer | thin, innermost calcareous layer of mollusc shells, -lies next to the mantle -secreted continuously by the mantle surface -inner, iridescent mother of pearl surface |
| Metanephridia | excretory tubes, mini kidneys, in each segment of annelids |
| Nephrostome | the open funnel of metanephridia that goes to the coelem |
| Trochopore | free-swimming larval stage of an aquatic mollusk that emerges from the egga |
| Veliger | free swimming larva of most marine snails, tusk shells, and bivalves; develops from the trochophore and has the beginning of a foot, shell, and mantle |
| Osphradia | in chitons, chemosensory organs for sampling water |
| Chitons | Molluscs with an oval shaped body and segmented plates of shells. Their foot functions as a suction cup to rocks and also for movement, and they use their radula to eat algae., Polyplacophora |
| Monoplacophora | Class of Mollusks that are very primitive. They are abundant as fossils and were thought to be extinct . Characterized by single, cap-like shell resembling that of limpets. They retain some internal segmentation of hear and kidney |
| Gastropoda | snails and slugs and their relatives, largest Class of Mollusca- snails + slugs most have 1 spiral shell for retreat, distinct heads, asymetrical, radula to graze on algae;uses torsion-during embryonic dev uneven growth causes visceral mass to spiral- anus + mantle cavity are central located over head - largest and most diverse class |
| Gastropoda shell | Always univalve, may be coiled or uncoiled, starts at apex with oldest whorls spiral around central axis (columella) becoming successively larger. |
| Univalve | mollusk with one piece shell |
| Whorl | ... |
| Dextral | Describes the coiling of a gastropod's shell to the right - genetically determined to be most likely |
| Sinistral | Describes the coiling of a gastropod's shell to the left |
| Operculum | The "trap door" some gastropods have. It is a piece of shell attached to the foot of the gastropod. Used to seal the aperture when the organism is inside it's shell which provides protection from predators and drying out. |
| Gastropod habitat | Marine, freshwater, brackish, land |
| Cephalopoda | class of Mollusca; octopuses, squids, and nautilus; carnivores; have poison; closed circulatory system; smart, Group of Molluscs, Marine, head with graspling tentacles, usually with suckers, shell eternal, internal or absent, mouth with or without radula, locomotion by jet propulsion using siphon made from foot. (Squids, Octopuses, Cuttlefish, Chambered Nautiluses) |
| Siphon | tubelike structure through which water enters and leaves a mollusk's body |
| Nautiluses | only present day Cephalopod with external shell |
| Cromatophores | cephalopods (and other animals, such as the flounder) change colors using _________ |
| Sepia | Dark fluid containing the pigment melanin secreted by the ink gland |
| Cephalopod reproduction | Most dioecious some hermaphroditic Octopus and cutlefish males insert spermatophores directly into female mantle cavity to fertilize egg Egg hatches and produces free swimming trichophora larva Direct metamorphosis |
| Veliger | free swimming larva of most marine snails, tusk shells, and bivalves; develops from the trochophore and has the beginning of a foot, shell, and mantle |
| dioecious | having male and female sexual organs in different individuals |
| hermaphroditic | A condition of an organism that has both male and female sexual reproduction organs, producing both eggs and sperm.Q |
| Bivalvia | a mollusk with two shells hinged together such as the clam, oyster or mussel |
| Filter feeders | organism that takes in water to filter out the food and then releases the extra water (clam, oysters, sponge) (bivalvia) |
| Bivalvia habitat | Marine, brackish, freshwater |
| Umbo | Oldest part of bivalvia shell, growth occurs in concentric circles around it |
| Zebra mussels | serious exotic invaders into the Great Lakes region |
| ScaphoPoda | small class of bilaterally symmetrical marine forms comprising the tooth shells |
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