| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Santiago Liniers | key Creole leader. After 2nd defeat of British in 1808 he becomes the Viceroy. Was very friendly toward natives/creoles, very hostile toward Spain. I |
| Gauchos | the cowboys, the highlands of Argentina and the Pompas - they run this area, do things how they want |
| Jose Gervasio Artigas | ...this definition sucks. leader of the Gauchos – wanted an independent area from Spain/Portugal and new independent council in Buenos Aires. This land they call Uruguay. Artigas forced to flee north into the jungle to Paraguay because the area of Uraguay was kinda in limbo between countries. |
| Dr. Jose Rodriquez de Francia | key figure here. Pronounced president of Paraguay- rules on Jesuit model. Part of Jesuit creed is to take vow of absolute loyalty to the pope. So when he takes the presidency, he thinks his authority would be unquestioned |
| Jose de San Martin | Becomes officer in Spanish army. Spends 20 years leading Spanish forces against the French. In 1812 goes back to Argentina and begins to organize citizens of Buenos Aires into an army to fight for independence. First efforts are in Northern Peru- fights for a while there then turns to Chile. He recruits from Northern Peru Black and Mulatto soldiers and promises freedom after the independence they take. They march across the Andes. |
| Battle of Chacobuco | 1817- this combined army of people from Buenos Aires, Black (former slaves), Mulattos and Chile refugees—he defeats the Spanish and declares the independence of Chile. From here he reorganizes and goes after Peru. |
| Battle of Lake Junin | final defeat of the Spanish in 1824. Peru is liberated, the army liberates Northern Peru and calls in Bolivia, and all of South America is liberated- no more Spanish forces. |
| Dom Joao | Portuguese King that returns to Portugal. Instructs he son to give Brazil independence if that's what they want, that way he'll still be King over the new state. |
| Pedro | Son of Dom Joao- king to Brazil. Gives Brazil Independence. Portugal demands he come home to finish education and prep to be next Portuguese King. Issues statement Fico and Cry of Ipiranga. |
| Fico | Pedro issues this- it means "I remain"- He's going to stay in Brazil against orders to go back to Portugal |
| Cry of Ipiranga | Issued by Pedro after "Fico". If the people don't demand Independence, he was going to do it for them. He makes Brazil an independent state and is crowned Emperor. Peaceful but they end up with a dictator. |
| Bank of Brazil | A major bank of Brazil. It was founded in 1808 and is the oldest surviving bank in Brazil and one of the oldest in the Americas |
| Dual Monarchy | I assume its referring to when the Portuguese monarch was driven out of the throne and they flea to Brazil and set up a kingdom there. In 1820, revolution occurs and the king returns to Portugal. His son is left in charge. |
| Revisionism | term applied to the writing of the history of 19th cent. Latin America. Comes in and says writing history about the "Great men" of that century is BS, because they're really just being replaced before and down the road... says lets not look at history by great men but from the perspective of the people, whose lives really didn't change even though they gained independence |
| Age of Caudillo | name given from 1830-1880 (when Latin America begins to Industrialize)- Because they're still an agricultural based economy, controlled by the creoles who control them politically, economy, etc. |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace