| Term | Definition |
|---|
| active hub | network device that has power connected to it. It regenerates any signal that is received. |
| backoff interval | period of time two network stations wait before trying to retransmit data after data packets from the two stations collide. |
| BNC - Bayonet Nut Connector - British Naval Connector | the type of connector used with coaxial cable |
| bus topology | a network topology in which a single conductor connects all the computers on a network |
| Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) | protocol used by wireless networks to control and insure the delivery of data |
| Carrier Sense Multiple access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) | protocol used by ethernet networks to control and insure the delivery of data |
| client/server model | a networking model in which the network is made up of computers that are either clients or servers |
| client | individual PC or workstation that accesses a server's resources and shared files |
| coaxial cable | consists of a core conductor surrounded by an insulator |
| cross talk | when a signal crosses from one set of wires to another set that runs directly alongside of it |
| dedicated server | server with special functions, such as file servers, print servers, database servers, web page servers, and/or administrative servers |
| Ethernet Network | a network that communicates by broadcasting information to all computers on the network |
| fiber-optic cable | a cable that contains a glass or plastic center used to carry light |
| hub | device used to provide a quick and easy method of connecting network equipment together by cables |
| hybrid topology | a mixture od star, bus, and ring topologies |
| local area network (LAN) | a small network of computers contained in a relatively small area, such as an office building |
| media access control (MAC) address | a hexadecimal number programmed into the Network card's chip. It is different on every card produced.. |
| mesh topology | a network topology in which each node connects directly to every other node on the network. |
| metropolitan area network | A group of two or more interconnected LANs operating under a single management. Ofthe encompasses a city-sized geographical area. |
| Multistation Access Unit | a hub-like device that physically connects computers in a star arrangement while maintaining a ring structure |
| network | two or more computers connected together for the purpose of sharing data and resources |
| network interface card (NIC) | connects the network communication media, usually twisted pair copper, to the individual network devices, such as workstations, file servers, and printers |
| node | any device connected to a client-server network |
| open system interconnect (OSI) | seven-layer reference model that describes how hardware and software should work together to form a network communication system |
| packet | small unit of data into which larger amounts of data are divided so they can pass efficiently through a network |
| passive hub | acts as a connection point in a star topology. Signals transmitted from one computer are passed to all connected computers |
| peer-to-peer network | network administration model in which all PCs connected together are considered equal |
| protocol suite | a combination of individual protocols each designed for specific purposes |
| query | the process of locating and extracting data from a database system |
| ring topology | a network topology in which a single cable runs continuously from computer to computer |
| segment | a section of cable between two network devices |
| sequence number | attached to each packet of data transmitted ensuring that the data will be reassembled in the exact order it was transmitted |
| server | powerful computer used to manage network resources and provide services such as security and file sharing |
| star topology | a network topology in which a cable runs from each computer to a single central point |
| switching hub | a network device that determines wheter a signal should remain in the isolated section of the network or be passed through the device to other parts of the network |
| token | a short binary code generated by network software that is passed along from one computer to the next along a ring topology (and some bus technologies) |
| Token Bus Network | A network that uses a bus topology and a token-passing system |
| Token Ring Network | A network that uses a ring topology and a token-passing system |
| topology | the physical arrangement of hardware and cabling in a network system |
| twisted pair cable | network cabling made up of four pairs of conductors twisted around each other |
| wide area network (WAN) | a large number of computers spread over a wide geographical area and under the control of a centrally located administrator |
| wireless topology | a network topology that uses no cabling sytem between the computers, but rather uses infrared light or radio transmission to communicate between network devices |
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