| Term | Definition |
|---|
| absolute direction | A compass direction such as north or south. |
| absolute distance | The physical distance between two points usually measured in miles or kilometers. |
| activity space | The space within which daily activity occurs. |
| commuting | Involving trips of several hours and transport modes ranging from cars to trains. |
| counter migration | When governments send back migrants caught entering their countries illegally. |
| cyclic movement | Movement - for example, nomadic migration - that has a closed route repeated annually or seasonally. |
| distance decay | The various degenerative effects of distance on human spatial structures and interactions. |
| emigration | When people leave a country. |
| external migration | Migration across an international border. |
| forced migration | Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate. |
| gravity model | A mathematical prediction of the interaction of places, the interaction being a function of population size of the respective places and the distance between them. |
| internal migration | Migration flow within a nation-state, such as ongoing westward and southward movements in the United States. |
| international refugees | Refugees who have crossed one or more international boundaries during their dislocation and who now find themselves encamped in a different country. |
| interregional migration | When migrants cross international borders and they moved from one geographic realm to another. |
| intervening opportunity | The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away. |
| intranational refugees | Refugees who have abandoned their town or village but not their country. |
| migration | A change in residence intended to be permanent. |
| nomadism | Movement among a definite set of places - often cyclical movement. |
| permanent refugees | Refugees who have been substantially integrated into the host country or host region and who are thus seen as long-term visitors. |
| pull factors | Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas. |
| push factors | Negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and migrate to a new locale. |
| refugee | People who have been dislocated involuntarily from their original place of settlement. |
| relative distance | Distance measured, not in linear terms such as miles of kilometers, but in terms such as cost and time. |
| seasonal movement | When people migrate with the seasons. |
| slave trade | A time when tens of millions of Africans were taken and brought to the Americas. |
| step migration | Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to town and city. |
| temporary refugees | Refugees encamped in a host country or host region while waiting for resettlement. |
| voluntary migration | Population movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity, not because they are forced to move. |
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