Chapter 10 Memory
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Created by:
DaltonHoffarth on December 10, 2011
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Memory | the power of retaining and recalling past experience |
| source misattribution | attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined |
| flashbulb memories | detailed memory for events surrounding a dramatic event that is vivid and remembered with confidence |
| explict memory | The memory of information that can be consciously recalled. |
| recall | recall knowledge from memory |
| recognition | the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering |
| priming | a person reads or listens to info and is later tested to see whether the info affects performance on another type of task |
| relearning | A memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time |
| parallel distribution | model of memory in which knowledge is represented as connections among thousands of interacting processing units, distributed ina vast network, and all operating in parallel |
| sensory memory | the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system |
| working memory | memory for intermediate results that must be held during thinking |
| long term memory | the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system |
| procedural memories | Memories for the performance of actions or skills; "knowing how" e.g playing piano |
| declarative memories | Memories of facts, rules, concepts, and events ("knowing that"); they include semantic and episodic memories. |
| chunk | A meaningful unit in a person's memory. |
| sematic memories | memories of the meanings of words, concepts, and general facts about the world |
| episodic memories | Memories of personally experienced events and the contexts in which they occurred. |
| serial position effect | our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list |
| maintenance rehearsal | A system for remembering involving repeating information to oneself without attempting to find meaning in it |
| elaborate rehearsal | The linking of new information to material that is already known |
| deep processing | in the encoding of information, the processing of meaning rather than simply the physical or sensory features of a stimulus |
| mnemonics | Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices |
| consolidation | A hypothetical process involving the gradual conversion of information into durable memory codes stored in long-term memory. |
| decay theory | proposes that forgetting occurs because memory traces fade with time |
| retroactive interference | Situation in which information learned more recently hinders the recall of information learned previously |
| proactive interference | the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new info. |
| motivated forgetting | occurs when frightening, traumatic events are forgotten because people want to forget them |
| cue dependent forgetting | forgetting that occurs when there are insufficient retrieval cues to rekindle information that is in memory |
| state dependent memory | The theory that information learned in a particular state of mind (e.g., depressed, happy, somber) is more easily recalled when in that same state of mind. |
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