Poli Sci
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147 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 General Welfare Clause | Gives congress power to tax to provide general welfare. major means to expand congresses power |
| Necessary and Proper clause | McCulloch v Maryland ruled that states can't tax the feds and gives congress power to pass all laws necessary and proper to those enumerated in section 1 article 8 of the constitution. also called elastic clause |
| 1st amendment | freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition |
| 5th amendment | right to indictment by a grand jury, right to due process, protects from double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and taking of property without just compensation |
| 10th amendment | reserves states rights |
| 14th amendment | Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws |
| 26th amendment | lowered the voting age to 18 |
| Gerrymandering | Redrawing district lines to favor a certain party |
| professional association | ppl with same jobs |
| trade associations | interest groups that represent firms that share a common economic perspective |
| Iron Triangle | closed relationship between interest groups, members of congress, and federal agencies. ex. dep. of ag. congress, farmers |
| Writ of certiorari | A formal writ used to bring a case before the Supreme Court. |
| How Many Circuits are there | 11 and we are in the 4th which includes SC NC VA DC WV MA |
| Equality of Outcome | The idea that equality is achieved when all citizens have comparable results regardless of race, gender, or national background, or that their groups are proportionately represented. |
| equality of opportunity | everyone should have equal chance to succeed |
| Affirmative Action | A policy designed to give special attention to, or compensatory treatment for, members of some previously disadvantaged group. Ex. Quotas for hiring women and minorities |
| common law | (civil law) a law established by following earlier judicial decisions |
| commerce clause | The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations. |
| Michel Foucault | This postmodern philosopher offered a name for the unfocused postmodern ideal, hetrotopia, the opposite of utopia, or the celebration of pluralism, which was diversity with no overarching standards. |
| Christo | Artist that is two people who wrap famous buildings in cloth. Wrapped the Reichstag in 1995 which symbolized the end of communism. |
| Timothy Mcveigh | 95 OK city bomber becuase pissed about waco |
| Ted Kaczynki | Una bomber essay published 95 becuase he hated technology |
| dolly | 97 cloning introduced |
| Dick Morris | Political advisor who taught clinton triangulation, which pitted parties against each other for clintons gain |
| Republican Revolution | The 1994 election brought the GOP to power, and its focus was the "Contract With America" a ten point plan to cut fed. taxes, balance the budget, reduce soc. welfare progs, and increase congressional efficiency. It was led by Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich |
| 96 election | Clinton beats Dole 49 percent of pop vote |
| Milosevic | dictator tried to unite serb power through yugoslavia 1st war crime 92 siege of sarajevo |
| 2000 election | gore won pop vote bush won in supreme court 5/4 to bush another recount would clash with existing FL law Gore won every primary |
| Hani Hanjour | Pilot of flight 77 that flew into the Pentagon |
| Oil For Food | in 1995 the UN Sec. Council adopted an "Oil for food" program for Iraq to sell oil to finance goods for the population. It was later shown to be a scam as Saddam diverted billions for personal use and involved UN officials in the corruption. |
| Wolfowitz | Deputy Defense Secretary thought Iraq needed a regime change |
| 2 reasons for iraqi freedom | Diplomacy wouldn't work and action was necessary |
| George Sorros | contributed 23 million to take bush down |
| 527 | groups for donating funds to campaigns can be unlimited as long as it has a name attached to donation |
| 04 election | Bush Kerry |
| Saddam hung | in 2006 by Iraqi forces |
| VT Shooting | Seuing Hui Cho killed 32 and himself. His motive was never discovered |
| Katrina | Hit in 2007 and proved FEMA dysfunctional |
| Fannie Mae | Federal National Mortgage Association |
| Freddie Mac | Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation |
| 08 election | mccain obama obama won 11 republican candidates serious ones were romney juliani thompson and ron paul |
| Cash for Clunkers | CARS Car Allowance Rebate Program |
| Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act | Obama Care passed just barely in court now |
| Deepwater Horizon | largest env. disaster in US hist. continued for 3 months |
| April 2011 | almost gov shutdown |
| Domestic Presidential Trip | 1 invitation/idea 2 planning 4-8 weeks in advance 3 speaking/best framing area chosen 4 sponsors acquired 5 invitations reviewed |
| Domestic Trip Breakdown | around 20 80 political official |
| Domestic Trip Funding | 1 white house pays for nonpolitical 2 gov covers security 3 white house press pays own way 3 all local event expenses born by host |
| Congressmen only care about | re-election |
| Re-election Strategies | 1 advertising for name recognition 2 claiming credit for good things in their district 3 taking positions on political issues |
| Congressmen at home are | more personable to gain their constituents trust |
| Presidential Power | Richard Neustadt writes that it is mainly the power to persuade, the constitutional convention created separated institutions sharing power. He uses charm, logic, bargaining, and his veto to persuade. The Cold War was the presidents glory days. He has little formal power. |
| Iron Triangle | Closed relationship of congress, bureaucracy, and interest groups. ex Congress, Dep of Ag, Farmer Interest Groups |
| Court Packing | FDR tried to increase number of SCOTUS judges from 9 to 15 |
| How and why did Brown v Board get to SCOTUS | it went through the courts and because it dealt with a constitutional issue 14th amendment |
| What political significance did the Brown v Board rulings have on the party in power | Southern segregationists launched a massive resistance including The Southern Manifesto signed by 101 members of congress deploring the brown decision |
| What were the outcomes of Brown v Board and why were they that way | reversed ruling on Plessy v Ferguson 1896 and separate institutions are inherently unequal |
| Milton Friedman | Conservative economist who won the Nobel Prize. He advocates freedom in economics because it's the key to political freedom. One of his heroes is classical economist Adam Smith |
| Why does Milton Friedman believe we should have economic freedom | because economic freedom is essential to political freedom |
| Why Does Samuel Huntington conclude that power is shifting away from the West in Lanahan 89 | religious conflict, global politics has become multipolar and multicivilizational |
| 92 election | clinton v HW Bush |
| 1988 election | H.W. Bush v Michael Dukakis. Bush won |
| 84 election | Reagan v Mondale |
| 80 election | Carter V Reagan |
| 76 election | Carter V Ford |
| Bill Gates | Founded MS in 75 |
| Generation X | Born in 60's and 70's not concerned with money or fame but a deeper meaningful existence |
| Maastricht Treaty | 92 formed EU showed key boundaries and separations had eroded |
| Postmodernism | Science was the new God, Pulp Fiction, television was the ultimate postmodern experience, Rock and other music, no more common standards, plurality, era defined by books films drugs tv |
| Michel Foucault | labeled the unfocused postmodern ideal "hetrotopia" the opposite of utopia. no agreed upon values |
| Christo | 1995 Reichstag was wrapped marked end of cold war |
| Rodney King | Police were taped beating him, and on April 29 1992 they were acquitted, and the LA riots started. 5 black youths in a liquor store shouted this is for Rodney King. 5 days of riots, 54 dead, 1 billion + in property damage, and it was only stopped by the national guard. |
| O.J. Simpson | accused of murder, Johnnie Cochran if the glove doesnt you must acquit. presiding judge lance ito. Watching the trial was the ultimate postmodern event. the judicial process was trivialized by the coverage. |
| WTC bombing | 93 Islamic radicals blew up a van in WTC basement |
| Oklahoma City Bombing | 95 Timothy McVeigh bombed Alfred P Murrah Federal Building in revenge for the 93 siege of the Branch Dividians in Waco Texas |
| Unabomber | Ted Kaczynski fought evils of technology by mailing bombs 1995 his essay published and brother tipped off FBI who arrested him in his cabin April 96 |
| Dolly | First animal cloned in 1997, she was a sheep and it was later revealed that she had a debilitating form of arthritis |
| Government Shutdown | November-December 95 because Clinton vetoed GOP spending bill |
| Lewinski Scandal | 99 Independent Council Kenneth Star investigated Whitewater land deal in Arkansas which was a fraud. led to Paula Jones sexual harassment suit. led to Lewinski scandal and Clinton impeached for perjury but acquitted by senate, public didn't relate it to his job |
| Columbine High School | 99 Eric Harris and Dillon Leibold killed 13 wounded 23 and killed themselves |
| Focus of WBush presidency | tax cuts, no child left behind |
| Hani Hanjour | Pilot of flight 77 into pentagon |
| Bush Doctrine | No distinction between terrorists and those who harbor them |
| Taliban | defied orders to hand over Al Qaeda so US and British forces helped Northern Alliance take over Afghanistan with bombing |
| Baghdad Secured | 2003 by US forces |
| Mutilated Americans | Fallujah 2004 |
| George Sorros | He funded 23 million to take down G.W.Bush |
| FEMA | The Federal Emergency Management Association, it was proved incompetent and dysfunctional when Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2007 |
| Saddam Hung | 2006 by Iraqi forces |
| VT Shooting | Seuing Hui Cho killed 32 and himself without a clear motive on April 16 2007 |
| The Great Recession | Began in Dec. 2007 with sub prime lending, or loans to those with bad credit. Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the SEC failed to prevent the recession. |
| SEC | supposed to regulate wallstreet and failed |
| TARP | Troubled Asset Relief Program in 08 gov bought billions of troubled assets this was bailout |
| ARRA | American Recovery Reinvestment Act 09 seen as second new deal spent 787 billion |
| Unemployment | 2008 6%-2010 10% |
| Deepwater Horizon | Largest environmental disaster in US hist. Oil spill in gulf lasted 3 months |
| 11th Hour | April 2011 gov almost shutdown fixed in 11th hour |
| 99 Rambuoille Peace Talks | Milosevic said no in talks so NATO bombed Serbia Montenegro and Kosovo |
| Reagan Died in... | June of 2004 |
| Millenials | Our generation, born from 1982-2003 |
| Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution | The enumerated powers of congress including the General Welfare Clause, the Commerce Clause, and the Necessary and Proper Clause |
| Pressure Politics | It is essentially the politics of small groups, the system is very small, and it has an upper class bias. |
| pluralism | The idea that the pressure system is open and many groups have effects on politics and legislature |
| Schattschneider | pressure politics |
| Federalist 10 | Written by Madison. Faction is any group that tries to dominate political process, two methods two cure, 1 remove causes which is impossible, 2 controlling effects, pure democracy doesn't work factions will tear it apart |
| articles of confederation | no power to tax, states held almost all power |
| constitution | gave power to tax and supreme power to federal government, checks and balance, separation of powers, inefficient by design, no one person or small group can control it. |
| propaganda model | idea that the media serves the government and drives what the public thinks |
| minimal effects | idea that the media doesn't really affect peoples opinions because they seek to reinforce their current beliefs |
| not so minimal effects model | idea that the media has a substantial impact by using agenda setting, framing, and priming |
| Sedition Acts | John Adams passed this in 1789 and it restricted freedom of speech by making it illegal to criticize the government. Also passed in 1918 and used to arrest Eugene V Debs for a speech criticizing WW1. |
| Cloture | vote that can stop a filibuster and bring debate on a bill to an end |
| How to pass a law | starts in house goes through subcommittee to full committee who recommends to house and its sent to rules committee who write rules then house votes and it goes to senate |
| Marbury v Madison | Established judicial review |
| Habeus Corpus | Right to be judged |
| Rule of Four | If 4 of 9 justices want to hear a case they hear it |
| Pocket Veto | a veto that occurs when congress submits a bill to the president, and then goes out of session, before he signs it, within ten days |
| Malaise Speech | Jimmy Carter |
| 76 Election | ford GOP nominee Carter won |
| Iran Hostage Crisis | Carter looked bad after trying to rescue the hostages with Operation Eagle Claw which failed. This was a deciding factor in the next election. |
| Reagan's Gov Vision | Shrink size and scope transfer power from public to private and move programs from state to local levels |
| Misery Index | The sum of inflation and unemployment, created by Carter, used against him by Reagan |
| 1980 election | Reagan beat Carter but divided government he compromised with boll weevils |
| Reaganomics | supply side or trickle down economics. 1 income tax cuts 2 new expenditure priorities 3 monetary restraint 4 regulatory reform. Voodoo economics to opponents. |
| PATCO Crisis | Air traffic controllers went on strike reagan told them to work or be fired they didnt he fired them |
| Gridiron Dinner | 82 Nancy Reagan made fun of herself in a skit and improved her public image |
| Strom Thurmond | convinced freshmen senators to vote for Reagans bill on debt |
| Detente | Reagan didnt agree with it |
| Lebanon 1982 | 14k troops allowed US policy makers to calm a civil disturbance and select the next president |
| Henry Luce | American Century urged american involvement in WW2 and predicted that our principles would dominate the world and we needed to show them |
| Walter Mondale | dem nominee 84 |
| Helmut Kohl | W German Chancellor wanted Reagan to go to ceremony but SS soldiers buried there |
| Challenger Explosion | Jan 86 |
| Bud Mcfarlane | shipped missiles to Iran through israel for hostages but only got 1, |
| Fireside Summit | 85 started INF treaty and SALT treaty |
| Tiananmen Square | protest for democracy squashed by Chinese gov |
| Noriega | Panamanian dictator responsible for alot of drugs entering US. we captured him after a marine was killed in panama |
| Nicolai Seausescu | Romanian dictator |
| Saddam Hussein | Dictator of Iraq, invaded Kuwait |
| margaret thatcher prime minister and HW Bush on kuwait | keep israel away from conflict. convince saudi king prince bandar to invite west military into region. dick cheney major player sec of def |
| Desert Shield | defensive move to protect Saudis |
| Winner Take All | If a candidate gets 50% of the popular vote he gets whole states electoral votes |
| NJ plan | stengthen articles |
| VA plan | It called for a new constitution with a strong central government |
| Connecticut compromise | equal rep in senate and pop rep in house |
| civil rights act | 64 |
| voting rights act | 1965 |
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