9th Gade Biology Unit 1A
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11 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 food chain | series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| producers | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph |
| consumers | organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply |
| decomposers | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| energy pyramid | illustration of the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web - it is a part of the ecological pyramid - only about 10% of the energy available at one trophic level is transferred to the organisms at the next trophic level |
| food web | network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem calories (dietary) - term used by scientists to measure the energy stored in foods Calories (not dietary) - amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celesiues |
| autotrophs | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds |
| heterotrophs | organism that obtains food by consuming other organisms |
| trophic level | each step in a food chain or food web |
| biomass | total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
| Calorie | (dietary) - unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree centigrade |
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