| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What type of routine testing does the blood bank technologist perform when determining the blood group of patient? | Phenotyping |
| What blood type is not possible for an offspring of AO and BO Persons? | All are possible |
| What type of routine testing does the blood bank technologist perform when determining the blood group ofpatient? | Phenotyping |
| Why is the study of genetics important to blood banking? | For use in population studies in order to provide proper blood products. For use in paternity studies to identify the father of a child. For use in antibody or antigen studies to assist in the identification of unknown antibodies or antigens. All of the above |
| What type of antibody response usually causes problems for transfusion patients? | Secondary |
| How may a technologist distinguish between a reaction caused by immune agglutination and nonimmune agglutination? | Check patient factors, appearance of reaction, and circumstances and factors of testing |
| A patient's serum ill incompatible with 0 cells. The patient's RBCs give a negative reaction to anti-H lectin. What is the most likely cause of these results? | The patient may be a Bombay |
| 7. What should be done if all forward and reverse ABO results and the autocontrol are positive? | Wash the celis with warm saline; autoadsorb the serum at 4degrees C |
| A transplant patient was retyped when she was transferred from another hospital. What is the most likely cause of the following results? Patient's cells: Anti-A= neg Anti-B= 4+ Patient's serum: A1 cells= neg B cells= neg? | Immunodeficiency |
| A complete Rh typing for antigens C c | D, E and e revealed negative results for C, D, and E. How is thisindividual designated?,Rh-negative |
| An Rh typing revealed all Rh antigens as negative. What could be the probiem with this typing? | Test performance error. Problem with reagents. Patient Rhnull. Any of the above may be true |
| Which genotype usually shows the strongest reaction with anti-D? | D--/D. |
| testing reveals a weak D (Du) that reacts 1+ after indirect antiglobulin testing (lAT)How is this result classified? | Rh-positive |
| A patient tests positive for weak D | but also appears to have anti-D in his serum. What may be the problem?,D mosaic may make antibodies to missing antigen parts |
| A patient types as AB and appears to be Rh-positive on slide typing. What additional test should be performed for tube typing? | Rh-negative control |
| The presence of anti-A1 is usually detected by what? | Reverse ABO grouping procedure |
| What is the purpose of adding antibody-coated red cells to all negative AHG tubes? | To ensure proper cell washing and addition of AHG reagent |
| A technologist is having great difficulty resolving an antibody mixture. One of the antibodies is anti-Lea. This antibody is not clinically significant in this situation | but it needs to be removed to reveal the possible presence of |
| an underlying antibody of clinical significance. What can be done? | Neutralize the serum with saliva |
| How can interfering anti-P1 antibody be removed from a mixture of antibodies? | Neutralization with hydatid cyst fluid |
| An antibody shows high titered reactions in ali test phases. All screen and panel cells are positive. The serum is then tested with a cord cell and the reaction is negative. What antibody is suspected? | Anti-i |
| Which antibody does not usually give a mixed-field reaction? | Anti-Dia |
| What is true concerning the acquisition of K-negative donor units? | Ninety percent of donor units wili be K-negative |
| Which procedure would help to distinguish between an anti-e and anti-Fya in an antibody mixlure? | Run an enzyme panel |
| What reagent or procedure is used to distinguish Kidd and Kell antibodies? | AET |
| What sample is best for detecting complement-dependent antibodies? | Either serum or plasma stored at 20-24 0 C no longer than 6 hours |
| Which antibody would not be detected by group 0 screen celis? | Anti-A1 |
| An antibody is detected in a pregnant woman and is suspected of being the cause of fetal distress. The antibody reacts at the IAT phase and causes in-vitro hemolysis. What is the most likely antibody specificity? | Anti-Lub |
| How would autoantibodies or abnormal proteins affect compatibility testing? | All tests (ABO, Rh, screen cells, AlC, crossmatch) may show abnormal results |
| What is the most likely explanation when screen cells and panel cells are positive and the autocontrol is negative? | High-frequency alloantibodies or mixture of alloantibodies |
| What is the most common cause of transfusion reactions? | Clerical errors |
| Can crossmatching be performed on October 14 | using a patient sample drawn on October 12?,Yes, a new sample would not be needed |
| If the antiglobulin phase of the crossmatch is omitted | which of the following antibodies would probably not be detected?,anti-K |
| What ABO type(s) may donate to any other ABO type? | O-negative |
| What type(s) of red cells is (are) acceptable to transfuse to an O-negative patient? | O-negative |
| A technologist removed four units of blood to be issued from the blood bank refrigerator and placed them on the counter. As she checked the paperwork | she noticed that one of the units was leaking onto the counter. What |
| should she do? | Discard the unit |
| A 46-year-old woman came into the hospital for a hysterectomy. What testing will most likely be performed on her? | Type and screen |
| A patient showed positive results with screen cells and four donor units. The patient autocontrol was negative. What was the most likely antibody? | Anti-k |
| screen cells and crossmatch are positive on IS only | and the autocontrol is negative. What is the problem?,Cold alloantibody |
| What should be done with a donor unit with a positive DAT? | Discard the unit |
| Screen cells | crossmatch, and patient autocontrol are positive in all phases of the crossmatch. What is the problem?,Abnormal protein or nonspecific autoantibody |
| 40. What is the first step in a crossmatch after identification of patient antibodies? | Antigen type patient cells and any donor cells to be crossmatched |
| What is the disposition of a donor unit that contains an antibody? | The unit may be labeled indicating that it contains antibody and released into inventory |
| How can IgM antibodies be separated from IgG antibodies? | Thiol reagents |
| A patient had a transfusion reaction. His red cells revealed positive DAT; however | his antibody screen was negative. What procedure would remove the antibody from is red cells to allow identification of the probable |
| cause of the transfusion reaction? | Elution |
| A trauma patient had a severe hemolytic reaction just minut s after receiving a blood transfusion | What is the |
| most likely cause? | Immediate, immunologic; probably due to clerical error, ABO incompatibility |
| What would be the result of group A blood given to a group patient? | Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction |
| All of the following are part of the preliminary evaluation of a transfusion reaction except? | Panel on pre- and posttransfusion sample |
| All of the following tests should be done if a hemolytic transfusion reaction has taken place except? | Adsorption using pre- and post transfusion samples |
| Is hematuria a sign of transfusion reaction in a recently transfused patient? | Not significant; intact RBCs indicate bleeding and not hemolysis |
| A shipment of packed RBC's | platelets, and leukoreduced RBCs arrived in the same container, at 1-6'C. What should be done?,Accept red cell products; return or discard the platelets |
| which of the following is acceptable accordinq to American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) standards? | Rejuvenated RBCs may be made within 3 days of outdate and transfused or frozen within 24 hours of rejuvenation |
| All of the followinq statements are true except? | Graft-versus-host disease may be prevented by visual inspection of units before transfusion |
| All of the following | statements regarding fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are true except?,FFP must be prepared within 24 hours of collection |
| A unit of packed RBCs is split using the open system. One of the half units is used. What may be done with the second half unit? | Must be issued within 24 hours |
| Which of the following methods is acceptable for disposal of units of blood that must be discarded? | Incineration |
| What should be done if a noticeable clot is found in an RBC unit? | Do not issue the unit |
| which statement applies when preparing FFP or cryoprecipitate for transfusion? | FFP and cryoprecipitate do not need to be the same Rh type as the patient |
| What is a special condition for the storage of platelets? | Platelets require constant agitation at 20-24° C |
| A rare type RBC unit has expired on Tuesday. What can be cone with this unit on Thursday? | The unit may be rejuvenated, then used or frozen |
| What procedure should be followed in order to prevent contamination of FFP during thawing? | Seal the unit in an outer, separate bag prior to placing in the water bath |
| Which component has the longest expiration date? | Frozen RBCs |
| Which preparation may be made from autoloqous leukapheresis lymphocytes? | Lymphocyte-activated killer (LAK) cells |
| Whole blood collected in crtrate-phosphate-dextrose with adenine (CPDA-1) may be stored for up to? | 35 days |
| The temperature of a refrigerator that contain stored blood or blood products should not exceed? | 6°C |
| Which of the following individuals is acceptable as a blood donor? | A 29-year-Old man who received the hepatitis B vaccine last week |
| Which immunization has the longest deferral period? | HBIG (hepatitis B immune globulin) injection |
| Which of the following donors could be accepted for blood donation? | A triathelete with a pulse of 45 |
| Which physical examination result is cause for rejecting a blood donor? | Diastolic pressure of 110 mm Hg |
| who is the best candidate for a predeposit autologous donation? | A 45-year-old man who is having elective surgery in 2 weeks; he has antl-k |
| Which of the conditions below is acceptable for an autologous blood donation? | Type and screen results reveal the donor to have an anti-fya |
| All of the following may be reasons for a positive DAT on cord cells of a newborn infant except? | immune anti-K from a K-negative mother on the cells of a K-negative baby |
| What should be done what a woman who is 24 weeks pregnant has a positive antibody screen? | Perform an antibody identification panel; titer if necessary |
| All of the following are interventions for fetal distress caused by maternal antibodies attacking fetal cells except? | Transfusion of antigen-positive cells to the mother |
| Cord cells are washed six times and the DAT and negative control is still positive. What should be done next? | Obtain a heel stick sample |
| Should an O-negative mother receive Rh immune globulin (Rhlg) if a positive direct antiglobulin test on the newborn is caused by immune anti-A? | Yes, but only If the baby's type is Rh-positive |
| Should an A-negative woman who has just had a miscarriage receive Rh\g? | Yes, but only if she does not already have anti-D from a previous pregnancy |
| A group a mother has given birth to an infant who appears | upon initial testing, to be group AB. What should be done next?,Check all labels; repeat the tests; obtain new samples if results are the same |
| What testing is done for exchange transfusion when the mother's serum contains an alloantibody? | ABO, Rh, antibody screen, and crossmatch |
| All of the foliowing tests are routinely performed on a cord blood sample except? | Antibody screen |
| Why is serological testing important for blood products? | Some carriers of disease may appear asymptomatic. Disease may have long incubation periods between initial infection and manifestation of disease symptoms. To protect the health of the recipient. All of the above |
| What happens to a donor unit that test positive for anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV)? | The unit must be discarded |
| What is the best method to prevent virus transfer from blood products? | Donor screening |
| A patient initially types as group AB with a positive Rh. What should be done next? | An autocontrol should be performed |
| Which two blood group systems are similar in that the red-cell antigens are highly antigenic and may lead to the formation of clinically significant antibodies: the lack of normal antigens leads to damaged red cells and resultant anemic conditions; and there is usually no problem finding antigen-negative blood for patients with antibodies to the most common antigens of the systems? | Rh and Kell |
| An antibody screen and crossmatch for six units of red blood cells was performed. All units were incompatible atthe indirect antiglobulin phase but the antibody screen was negative. The patient's autocontrol was negative,and there was no ABO problem. What should be done next? | Repeat the antibody screen using new screen cells |
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