| Term | Definition |
| altruism | unselfish concern for others |
| bourgeois | respectably middle class |
| confluence | crowd |
| deficit | amount of money short |
| entail | make necessary |
| gibbet | gallows |
| hierarchy | grouping according to rank |
| impolitic | unwise |
| invalid | unwell person |
| malcontent | dissatisfied person |
| naturalist | person who studies plants and animal |
| prowess | skill and bravery |
| russet | reddish brown |
| fatuous | foolish |
| spate | large number |
| suffrage | universal voting rights |
| thespian | actor |
| entail | restrict sale of |
| confluence | coming together |
| amoral | unconcerned with questions of right and wrong |
| cartel | combine of business firms |
| conundrum | puzzle |
| dilemma | situation involving a difficult choice |
| enumerate | list |
| forego | do without |
| grimace | make faces |
| outlandish | peculiar |
| humus | decaying vegetable matter |
| impromptu | unrehearsed |
| largesse | generous gifts |
| microcosm | miniature world |
| qualm | misgiving |
| secular | non religious |
| speculate | think reflectively |
| surveillance | observation |
| enumerate | count |
| forego | precede |
| speculator | gambler on risky business deals |
| prowess | ability |
| invalid | without legal force |
| entail | restrict the sale of |