5 Written Questions

1. The social extremes of Europe, with a nobility that inherited special privileges and masses of hungry poor, were missing the colonies. A narrower class system, based on economics, was developing. Wealthy landowners were at the top; craftspeople and small farmers made the majority of the common people
2. farming that was most commonly found in the Southern colonies, which provided for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing
3. The legislature that voted either to adopt or reject the governor's proposed laws
4. The movement characterized by fervent expressions of religious feeling among masses of people. It was at its strongest during the 1730s and 1740s when a dramatic change occurred that swept through the colonies with the force of a hurricane
5. Written by Benjamin Franklin, it is a collection of his witty aphorisms and advice and was a best-selling book that was annually revised from 1732 to 1757

5 Matching Questions

1. town meetings
2. lawyers
3. English cultural domination
4. Johnathan Edwards
5. Georgian style

1. a Reverend who initiated the Great Awakening with a series of sermons, notable one called "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" (1741). Invoking the Old Testament Scriptures, he argued that God was rightfully angry with human sinfulness. Each individual who expressed deep penitence could be saved by God's grace, but the souls who paid no heed to God's commandments would suffer eternal damnation
2. b Often viewed as talkative troublemakers, and were not commonly seen in the colonial courts of the 1600s. During the 1700s, however, as trade expanded and legal problems became more complex, the need for expert assistance in court became apparent. The most able formed a bar, which set rules and standards for those that aspired to pursue this profession. They gained further respect int he 1760s and 1770s when they argued for colonial rights
3. c Dominant form of local government in New England, in which people of the town would regularly come together often in a church, to vote directly on public issues
4. d Great majority of the population were English in origin, language, and tradition. At the same time, however, both Africans and European immigrants were creating a diversity of culture that would gradually modify the culture of the majority in significant ways
5. e This style was widely imitated in the 1740s and 1750s, in colonial houses, churches, and public buildings. Brick and stucco homes built in this style were characterized by a symmetrical placement of windows and dormers and a spacious center hall flanked by two fireplaces. Such homes were found only on or near the eastern seaboard. On the frontier a one-room log cabin was the common shelter

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. Government in the southern colonies, which was carried on by a law-enforcing sheriff and other officials who served a large territorial unit
   1. colonial governor
   2. John Peter Zenger
   3. county government
   4. self-government
2. The only profession in the first hundred years of colonial life (1607-1707) to enjoy widespread respect among the common people
   1. Christian ministers
   2. colonial families
   3. Cotton Mather
   4. colonial legislatures
3. The remarkable jack-of-all-trades and by far the most popular and successful American writer of the 18th century, who wrote Poor Richard's Almanack. He is also known for his pioneering work with electricity and his more practical developments of bifocal eyeglasses and stove, which brought him international fame
   1. immigrants
   2. Georgian style
   3. sectarian
   4. Benjamin Franklin
4. American artists who went to England where they acquired the necessary training and financial support to establish themselves as prominent artists
   1. limited democracy
   2. Benjamin Franklin
   3. Benjamin West and John Copley
   4. established churches
5. The economic and social centers of colonial life. With an expanding economy and ample food supply, people were marrying at a young age and rearing more children. Over 90 percent of the people lived on farms. While life in the coastal communities and on the frontier was not easy, it did provide a higher standard of living than in Europe
   1. colonial legislatures
   2. colonial governor
   3. colonial families
   4. social mobility

5 True/False Questions

1. colonial governor → The economic and social centers of colonial life. With an expanding economy and ample food supply, people were marrying at a young age and rearing more children. Over 90 percent of the people lived on farms. While life in the coastal communities and on the frontier was not easy, it did provide a higher standard of living than in Europe

   True        False

2. social mobility → With the major exception of the African Americans, everybody in colonial society had an opportunity to improve their standard of living and social status by hard work

   True        False

3. religious toleration → All of the colonies permitted the practice of different religions, but with varying degrees of freedom. Massachusetts, the least tolerant, excluded non-Christians and Catholics, although it accepted a number of Protestant denominations. Rhode Island and Pennsylvania were the most liberal

   True        False

4. nonsectarian → College with no religious affiliation, or religious sponsor, e.g. The College of Philadelphia (future U Penn)

   True        False

5. George Whitefield → A preacher of the Great Awakening who came from England in 1739 and traveled from one end of colonial America to the other. More than any other figure, he ignited the Great Awakening with his rousing sermons on the hellish torments of the damned. He preached in barns, tents, and fields, sometimes attracting an audience of 10,000 people. He stressed that God was all-powerful and would save only those who openly professed belief in Jesus Christ; those who did not would be cast into hell. He also taught that ordinary people who had faith and sincerity could understand the Christian Gospels without depending on ministers to lead them

   True        False